Climate change: a threat to human wellbeing and health of the planet
氣候變化：對(duì)人類福祉和地球健康的威脅
Taking action now can secure our future
現(xiàn)在采取行動(dòng)可保障我們的未來
Human-induced climate change is causing dangerous and widespread disruption in nature and affecting the lives of billions of people around the world, despite efforts to reduce the risks. People and ecosystems least able to cope are being hardest hit, according to the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report.
人為造成的氣候變化正給自然界造成危險(xiǎn)而廣泛的破壞，并影響著全球數(shù)十億人的生活，盡管人們已在努力減少此類風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。在政府間氣候變化專門委員會(huì)（IPCC）今日發(fā)布的最新報(bào)告中，科學(xué)家們表示，最不具備應(yīng)對(duì)能力的人群和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)受到的打擊反而最嚴(yán)重。
induce [?n?dju?s] v. 引誘；引起
“This report is a dire warning about the consequences of inaction,” said Hoesung Lee, Chair of the IPCC. “It shows that climate change is a grave and mounting threat to our wellbeing and a healthy planet. Our actions today will shape how people and nature responds to increasing climate risks.”
“這份報(bào)告是我們?cè)谶@個(gè)星球上的未來藍(lán)圖”，IPCC主席李會(huì)晟表示?！斑@份報(bào)告表明，氣候變化是對(duì)我們的福祉和對(duì)地球健康的現(xiàn)存威脅，而今天的行動(dòng)將決定著人類和自然如何適應(yīng)不斷增加的氣候風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”。
dire / ?da??(r) / adj. 嚴(yán)重的，危急的，極端的
The world faces unavoidable multiple climate hazards over the next two decades with global warming of 1.5°C (2.7°F). Even temporarily exceeding this warming level will result in additional severe impacts, some of which will be irreversible.
這份最新報(bào)告表明，當(dāng)今所承受的氣候變化影響和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)在未來幾十年將大幅增加。即使全球升溫暫時(shí)超過1.5°C（2.7°F）也會(huì)對(duì)自然界造成嚴(yán)重且通常不可逆的影響。
irreversible / ??r??v??s?bl / adj. 不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的，不可改變的
Urgent action required to deal with increasing risks
需采取緊急行動(dòng)應(yīng)對(duì)不斷增加的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
Increased heatwaves, droughts and floods are already exceeding plants and animals’ tolerance thresholds, driving mass mortalities in species such as trees and corals. These weather extremes are occurring simultaneously, causing cascading impacts that are increasingly difficult to manage. They have exposed millions of people to acute food and water insecurity, especially in Africa, Asia, Central and South America, on Small Islands and in the Arctic.
更多的熱浪、干旱和洪水已超過了植物和動(dòng)物的承受極限，導(dǎo)致樹木和珊瑚等物種大量死亡。此類天氣極端事件在同步發(fā)生，并在造成一連串日益難以應(yīng)對(duì)的影響。這使數(shù)百萬人陷入了急劇的糧食和水不安全境地，尤其是在非洲、亞洲、中美洲和南美洲以及小島嶼。
threshold / ?θre?h??ld / n. 門檻，閾，界
cascade / k??ske?d / v. 如瀑布般下落；大量?jī)A瀉 n. 小瀑布
To avoid mounting loss of life, biodiversity and infrastructure, ambitious, accelerated action is required to adapt to climate change, at the same time as making rapid, deep cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. So far, progress on adaptation is uneven and there are increasing gaps between action taken and what is needed to deal with the increasing risks, the new report finds. These gaps are largest among lower-income populations.
為了避免生命、生物多樣性和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施損失不斷增加，需加快采取雄心勃勃的行動(dòng)來適應(yīng)氣候變化，同時(shí)迅速大幅減少溫室氣體排放。這份最新報(bào)告表明，迄今為止，在適應(yīng)氣候變化方面的進(jìn)展并不均衡，且已采取的行動(dòng)與應(yīng)對(duì)日益增長(zhǎng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)所需采取的行動(dòng)之間的差距越來越大。這樣的差距在低收入人群中最大。
“This report recognizes the interdependence of climate, biodiversity and people and integrates natural, social and economic sciences more strongly than earlier IPCC assessments,” said Hoesung Lee. “It emphasizes the urgency of immediate and more ambitious action to address climate risks.”
“這份報(bào)告認(rèn)識(shí)到了氣候、生物多樣性與人類之間的相互依存性，而且對(duì)自然科學(xué)、社會(huì)科學(xué)和經(jīng)濟(jì)科學(xué)的結(jié)合比IPCC以前的評(píng)估報(bào)告更緊密，”李會(huì)晟表示。“報(bào)告強(qiáng)調(diào)了迫切需要采取緊急行動(dòng)來應(yīng)對(duì)氣候風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”。
There are options to adapt to a changing climate. This report provides new insights into nature’s potential not only to reduce climate risks but also to improve people's lives.
要適應(yīng)不斷變化的氣候，我們有多種選擇。這份報(bào)告對(duì)自然在減少氣候風(fēng)險(xiǎn)并改善人們生活方面的潛力提供了新見解。
“Healthy ecosystems are more resilient to climate change and provide life-critical services such as food and clean water”, said IPCC Working Group II Co-Chair Hans-Otto P?rtner. “By restoring degraded ecosystems and effectively and equitably conserving 30 to 50 per cent of Earth’s land, freshwater and ocean habitats, society can benefit from nature’s capacity to absorb and store carbon, and we can accelerate progress towards sustainable development, but adequate finance and political support are essential.”
“健康的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)對(duì)氣候變化更有韌性，并可提供對(duì)生命攸關(guān)的服務(wù)，例如糧食和清潔的水”，IPCC第二工作組聯(lián)合主席Hans-Otto P?rtner表示?！巴ㄟ^恢復(fù)退化的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)以及保護(hù)地球30%至50%的陸地、淡水和海洋棲息地，社會(huì)可受益于大自然吸收和儲(chǔ)存碳的能力，我們可以加速推進(jìn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展，但充分的資金和政治支持至關(guān)重要”。
resilient / r??z?li?nt / adj. 有彈性的，能復(fù)原的，適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)的
Scientists point out that climate change interacts with global trends such as unsustainable use of natural resources, growing urbanization, social inequalities, losses and damages from extreme events and a pandemic, jeopardizing future development.
科學(xué)家們指出，氣候變化會(huì)與自然資源過度消耗、快速城市化、社會(huì)不平等、由極端事件和流行病造成的損失和損害等全球趨勢(shì)產(chǎn)生相互作用，危及未來的發(fā)展。
jeopardize / ?d?ep?da?z / v. 危及，損害
“Our assessment clearly shows that tackling all these different challenges involves everyone – governments, the private sector, civil society – working together to prioritize risk reduction as well as equity and justice in decision-making and investment”, said IPCC Working Group II Co-Chair Debra Roberts.
“我們的評(píng)估報(bào)告明確表明，應(yīng)對(duì)所有這些不同的挑戰(zhàn)事關(guān)每個(gè)人——政府、私營(yíng)部門、民間社會(huì)——要共同努力，重點(diǎn)放在減少風(fēng)險(xiǎn)以及放在決策和投資中的公平和正義”，IPCC第二工作組聯(lián)合主席Debra Roberts表示。
prioritize / pra???r?ta?z / v. 優(yōu)先考慮，優(yōu)先處理
“In this way, different interests, values and world views can be reconciled. By bringing together scientific and technological know-how as well as Indigenous and local knowledge, solutions will be more effective. Failure to achieve climate resilient and sustainable development will result in a sub-optimal future for people and nature.”
“這樣便可調(diào)和不同的利益、價(jià)值觀和世界觀。通過結(jié)合科學(xué)技術(shù)知識(shí)以及土著知識(shí)和地方知識(shí)，解決方案將能夠更加有效。如果不能實(shí)現(xiàn)具有氣候恢復(fù)力的可持續(xù)發(fā)展將給人類和自然帶來并不理想的未來?！?/p>
reconcile / ?rek?nsa?l / v. 調(diào)和；和解
Cities: Hotspots of impacts and risks, but also a crucial part of the solution
城市：既是影響和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的熱點(diǎn)，也是解決方案的關(guān)鍵部分
This report provides a detailed assessment of climate change impacts, risks and adaptation in cities, where more than half the world’s population lives. People’s health, lives and livelihoods, as well as property and critical infrastructure, including energy and transportation systems, are being increasingly adversely affected by hazards from heatwaves, storms, drought and flooding as well as slow-onset changes, including sea level rise.
這份報(bào)告對(duì)氣候變化對(duì)全球半數(shù)以上人口所居住的城市的影響、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和適應(yīng)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)評(píng)估。人類的健康、生活和生計(jì)以及財(cái)產(chǎn)和重要基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，包括能源和運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)，正日益受到因熱浪、風(fēng)暴、干旱和洪水帶來的災(zāi)害以及緩發(fā)變化（包括海平面上升）的不利影響。
adversely / ??dv??sli/ adv. 不利的，有害的
“Together, growing urbanization and climate change create complex risks, especially for those cities that already experience poorly-planned urban growth, high levels of poverty and unemployment, and a lack of basic services”, Debra Roberts said.
“總之，快速的城市化和氣候變化會(huì)帶來復(fù)合的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，尤其是對(duì)那些本身增長(zhǎng)規(guī)劃不善、貧困和失業(yè)率居高以及缺乏基本服務(wù)的城市”，Debra Roberts表示。
“But cities also provide opportunities for climate action – green buildings, reliable supplies of clean water and renewable energy, and sustainable transport systems that connect urban and rural areas can all lead to a more inclusive, fairer society.”
“但城市也可為氣候行動(dòng)提供機(jī)遇——綠色建筑、可靠的清潔水和可再生能源供應(yīng)，以及連接城鄉(xiāng)地區(qū)的可持續(xù)運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)，而這些都可帶來更為包容和更加公平的社會(huì)”。
There is increasing evidence of adaptation that has caused unintended consequences, for example destroying nature, putting peoples’ lives at risk or increasing greenhouse gas emissions. This can be avoided by involving everyone in planning, attention to equity and justice, and drawing on Indigenous and local knowledge.
有越來越多的證據(jù)表明，適應(yīng)造成了意想不到的后果，例如破壞自然、使人們的生命處于危險(xiǎn)中或增加溫室氣體排放。要避免這種情況就需要人人參與規(guī)劃、關(guān)注公平和正義并利用土著和地方知識(shí)。
draw on 利用
A narrowing window for action
行動(dòng)的機(jī)會(huì)窗口在關(guān)閉
Climate change is a global challenge that requires local solutions and that’s why the Working Group II contribution to the IPCC’s Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) provides extensive regional information to enable Climate Resilient Development.
氣候變化是一項(xiàng)全球挑戰(zhàn)，需要地方解決方案，因此IPCC第六次評(píng)估報(bào)告（AR6）第二工作組的報(bào)告提供了大量區(qū)域信息，以實(shí)現(xiàn)具有氣候恢復(fù)力的發(fā)展。
The report clearly states Climate Resilient Development is already challenging at current warming levels. It will become more limited if global warming exceeds 1.5°C (2.7°F). In some regions it will be impossible if global warming exceeds 2°C (3.6°F). This key finding underlines the urgency for climate action, focusing on equity and justice. Adequate funding, technology transfer, political commitment and partnership lead to more effective climate change adaptation and emissions reductions.
該報(bào)告明確指出，具有氣候恢復(fù)力的發(fā)展在如今的溫度下已面臨著挑戰(zhàn)，在全球升溫1.5°C（2.7°F）時(shí)將會(huì)更加受限。在有些地區(qū)，如果升溫超過2°C（3.6°F），這種發(fā)展將不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)。這一關(guān)鍵發(fā)現(xiàn)強(qiáng)調(diào)了采取氣候行動(dòng)的緊迫性，重點(diǎn)在公平和正義。充足的資金、政治承諾和伙伴關(guān)系可更有效地適應(yīng)氣候變化、減少排放。
“The scientific evidence is unequivocal: climate change is a threat to human wellbeing and the health of the planet. Any further delay in concerted global action will miss a brief and rapidly closing window to secure a liveable future”, said Hans-Otto P?rtner.
“科學(xué)證據(jù)毋庸置疑：氣候變化是對(duì)人類福祉和地球健康的威脅。進(jìn)一步拖延全球協(xié)同行動(dòng)將錯(cuò)失稍縱即逝的機(jī)會(huì)，無法保障宜居未來的實(shí)現(xiàn)”，Hans-Otto P?rtner表示。
unequivocal / ??n??kw?v?kl / adj. 明確的，不含糊的
concerted / k?n?s??t?d / adj. 共同籌劃的，協(xié)商一致的
