深入學(xué)習(xí)貫徹習(xí)近平外交思想 進(jìn)一步開拓對外工作新局面
Studying and Implementing Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy in a Deep-going Way and Opening up New Horizons in China’s External Work
楊潔篪
By Yang Jiechi
《人民日報(bào)》（2022年05月16日06版）
(People’s Daily Online) 09:02, May 16, 2022
一
I
年初以來，面對世界百年未有之大變局和世紀(jì)疫情相互疊加的復(fù)雜局面，以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央，統(tǒng)籌國內(nèi)國際兩個(gè)大局，統(tǒng)籌發(fā)展安全兩件大事，統(tǒng)籌疫情防控和經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展，冷靜觀察、沉著應(yīng)對國際風(fēng)云變幻。全國各條戰(zhàn)線以習(xí)近平新時(shí)代中國特色社會主義思想為指導(dǎo)，團(tuán)結(jié)一心、砥礪奮進(jìn)，全面貫徹落實(shí)黨中央決策部署，深入推進(jìn)各項(xiàng)工作，中國特色社會主義建設(shè)取得一系列重要新成就。對外工作以習(xí)近平外交思想為根本遵循，持續(xù)推進(jìn)中國特色大國外交，我國始終保持戰(zhàn)略全局主動有利地位。
Since the beginning of this year, faced with the complex situation where major global changes unseen in a century have been compounded by a once-in-a-century pandemic, the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has taken into account both the domestic and international imperatives, worked on development and security as two top priorities, coordinated progress in COVID-19 response and in economic and social development, and observed and responded to international vicissitudes with calm and composure. Under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, we have forged ahead on all fronts with unity and fortitude, fully implemented the decisions and plans of the CPC Central Committee, and advanced work in various fields in a deep-going way. A series of new and important achievements have been made in the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Following the fundamental guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy in our external work and continuously advancing major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics, China has maintained its initiative and advantageous position in the overarching strategic context.
今年2、3月份，我們克服新冠肺炎疫情等各種困難挑戰(zhàn)，成功舉辦舉世矚目的北京冬奧會、冬殘奧會。近70個(gè)國家和國際組織約170位官方代表出席冬奧會，約90個(gè)國家和地區(qū)近3000名運(yùn)動員參賽，全球數(shù)十億觀眾觀賽創(chuàng)下冬奧會收視率最高紀(jì)錄，形成國際社會反對體育政治化的強(qiáng)大聲勢，徹底擊破反華勢力干擾破壞我國辦奧運(yùn)、借機(jī)對我國遏制打壓的險(xiǎn)惡用心。圍繞冬奧會密集開展的元首外交和主場外交，充分彰顯中國自信開放的大國風(fēng)范和堅(jiān)定有力推動世界和平發(fā)展的大國擔(dān)當(dāng)，極大凝聚世界各國人民和平友好、團(tuán)結(jié)合作、文明進(jìn)步、共創(chuàng)未來的國際共識，為動蕩不安的世界注入信心和希望。
In February and March this year, we overcame various difficulties and challenges, including those related to COVID-19, and successfully hosted the Beijing Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games which attracted worldwide attention. With around 170 official representatives from nearly 70 countries and international organizations attending, close to 3,000 athletes from around 90 countries and regions competing, and billions of people around the world watching and setting the record for Winter Olympics ratings, a strong momentum was created in the international community against the politicization of sport, and the sinister attempts by anti-China forces to sabotage the Games and use the occasion to contain and suppress China were completely thwarted. During the Games, head-of-state diplomacy and home-ground diplomacy were conducted extensively. These diplomatic engagements fully demonstrated China’s confidence and openness as well as its commitment as a major country to resolutely promoting world peace and development. They also contributed greatly to building international consensus among the people of all countries for peace, friendship, unity, cooperation, civilizational progress and a shared future, injecting confidence and hope into a turbulent and unstable world.
3月份，我們勝利召開全國“兩會”，圓滿完成各項(xiàng)議程，充分反映全國各族人民的共同愿望，匯集推動黨和國家事業(yè)發(fā)展、滿懷信心昂首奮進(jìn)新征程的巨大力量，書寫了民主、團(tuán)結(jié)、求實(shí)、奮進(jìn)的新篇章，再一次向全世界彰顯了我國全過程人民民主的制度優(yōu)越性和獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢。
In March, we successfully convened the annual sessions of the National People’s Congress and the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, which smoothly completed all agenda items. They fully reflected the common aspirations of the Chinese people of all ethnic groups, and pooled enormous strength for advancing the cause of the Party and the country and for setting out on a new journey with confidence. They marked a new chapter of democracy, unity, truth-seeking and enterprise, and demonstrated once again to the world the institutional strength and unique advantage of China’s whole-process people’s democracy.
年初以來，面對外部環(huán)境復(fù)雜性不確定性上升帶來的考驗(yàn)，黨中央高瞻遠(yuǎn)矚、科學(xué)決策，及時(shí)出臺一系列有利于經(jīng)濟(jì)社會穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的政策，我國經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行實(shí)現(xiàn)平穩(wěn)開局，生產(chǎn)供給和市場需求總體穩(wěn)定，民生保障有力有效，高質(zhì)量發(fā)展取得新進(jìn)展，展現(xiàn)了抗沖擊的韌性和旺盛的生機(jī)活力。一季度我國國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值同比增長4.8%，位居全球主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體前列，繼續(xù)成為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的主要動力源。1至4月我國貿(mào)易進(jìn)出口總額同比增長11.2%，實(shí)際使用外資同比增長20.5%，對外開放水平持續(xù)提升。我國推動《區(qū)域全面經(jīng)濟(jì)伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定》如期生效，世界上參與人口最多、成員結(jié)構(gòu)最多元、發(fā)展?jié)摿ψ畲蟮淖再Q(mào)區(qū)正式啟動，1至4月我與協(xié)定成員國貿(mào)易規(guī)模3.84萬億元，同比增長3.9%；東盟繼續(xù)成為我國第一大貿(mào)易伙伴，雙方貿(mào)易額達(dá)1.84萬億元，同比增長7.2%，我國與亞洲其他地區(qū)國家貿(mào)易也保持良好增長勢頭。國際貨幣基金組織、世界銀行等國際機(jī)構(gòu)普遍認(rèn)為，中國有充足政策空間提振經(jīng)濟(jì)，前景值得期待。
Since the beginning of this year, tested by rising complexity and uncertainty in the external environment, the CPC Central Committee, with strategic vision and sound decision-making, has introduced in a timely way a series of policies conducive to economic and social stability and development. The Chinese economy kicked off to a steady start this year. Production on the supply side and market on the demand side have generally remained stable. People’s livelihoods have been protected with robust and effective steps. New progress has been made in achieving high-quality development. All this speaks volumes about China’s resilience against economic shocks and our country’s great vitality and dynamism. In the first quarter, China’s GDP grew by 4.8 percent year-on-year, ranking in the front among the major economies of the world and remaining a primary driver for global growth. From January to April, the total volume of import and export grew by 11.2 percent and paid-in foreign investment by 20.5 percent year-on-year, which serves as a clear indication that China continued to open wider to the world. With China’s contribution, the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement has come into effect on schedule, marking the official launch of the world’s most promising free trade area covering the largest population and boasting the most diverse membership. From January to April, trade between China and other RCEP countries registered 3.84 trillion yuan, an increase of 3.9 percent from the same period of 2021. ASEAN has remained China’s largest trading partner, with two-way trade reaching 1.84 trillion yuan, up by 7.2 percent year-on-year. Trade between China and other Asian countries has also maintained a sound momentum of growth. International institutions such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank all expressed the belief that China has ample policy space to boost the economy, and the future holds out still greater prospects.
面對全球新冠肺炎疫情新一波反彈，我們始終堅(jiān)持人民至上、生命至上，堅(jiān)持外防輸入、內(nèi)防反彈，堅(jiān)持動態(tài)清零，因時(shí)因勢不斷優(yōu)化防控措施，取得重大戰(zhàn)略成果，14億中國人民的生命安全和身體健康得到有力保障。我們的防控方針由黨的性質(zhì)和宗旨決定，是科學(xué)有效的，確保了經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展的良好態(tài)勢，得到中國人民堅(jiān)定支持，也受到國際社會主流高度評價(jià)。本著對世界人民生命健康負(fù)責(zé)和與各國同舟共濟(jì)、共克時(shí)艱的精神，我國已經(jīng)向120多個(gè)國家和國際組織供應(yīng)超過22億劑疫苗，并將繼續(xù)向非洲國家、東盟國家分別援助6億劑、1.5億劑疫苗。我國用堅(jiān)實(shí)有力、成功負(fù)責(zé)的疫情防控措施佑護(hù)人民生命，以實(shí)實(shí)在在、持續(xù)不斷的投入踐行構(gòu)建人類衛(wèi)生健康共同體的莊嚴(yán)承諾。這同西方一些人在抗疫問題上罔顧事實(shí)、顛倒黑白的行徑形成何其鮮明的對比。我們有充分信心打贏疫情防控這場硬仗，并為全球團(tuán)結(jié)抗疫作出更大貢獻(xiàn)。
Faced with a new wave of resurgence of COVID-19 cases worldwide, China has remained committed to putting the people and their lives first, to the prevention of both imported cases and domestic rebound, and to following a dynamic zero-COVID policy. We have been constantly fine-tuning our response measures in light of the evolving situation. Such efforts have brought about major strategic gains in our COVID-19 response and provided strong protection for the life and health of the 1.4 billion Chinese people. Our approach to COVID-19 response is determined by the very nature and mission of the Chinese Communist Party. Science-based and effective, it has underpinned the sound momentum in our economic and social development and earned firm endorsement from the Chinese people as well as high recognition from the mainstream of the international community. With a sense of responsibility toward the life and health of people across the world and solidarity with all countries in pulling together to tide over the difficult times, China has supplied more than 2.2 billion doses of vaccines to over 120 countries and international organizations, and will further donate 600 million doses to African countries and 150 million doses to ASEAN countries. China has both adopted solid, vigorous, successful and responsible measures in its COVID-19 response to safeguard the people’s lives, and made tangible and sustained input to honor its solemn commitment to building a global community of health for all. China’s approach stands in stark contrast with the practice of some people in the West who have no regard for facts and confound black with white on COVID-related issues. We have every confidence in winning the tough battle against COVID-19, and will make an even greater contribution to the global solidarity and fight against the pandemic.
面對復(fù)雜動蕩的國際形勢，中國外交外事工作繼續(xù)破浪前行。元首外交全面引領(lǐng)我國對外工作全局，習(xí)近平總書記以多種形式同外國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人及國際組織負(fù)責(zé)人深入溝通交流，有力促進(jìn)新形勢下我國同各方關(guān)系發(fā)展。習(xí)近平總書記出席2022年世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇視頻會議并發(fā)表演講，在博鰲亞洲論壇2022年年會開幕式上發(fā)表視頻主旨講話，就新形勢下推動構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體和抗擊疫情、復(fù)蘇經(jīng)濟(jì)、全球安全、亞洲合作等重大問題闡述中國主張，有力引領(lǐng)國際秩序發(fā)展正確方向。黨和國家其他領(lǐng)導(dǎo)同志也積極開展對外交往。我們深入推進(jìn)對大國、周邊、發(fā)展中國家、多邊機(jī)制等重點(diǎn)方向工作，全球伙伴關(guān)系不斷鞏固發(fā)展。我們針對個(gè)別一些國家利用涉臺、涉疆、涉港、涉海、人權(quán)等問題干涉我國內(nèi)政、對我挑釁施壓予以堅(jiān)決有力回?fù)?，彰顯維護(hù)國家主權(quán)安全發(fā)展利益的堅(jiān)定意志和強(qiáng)大底氣。我們圍繞烏克蘭危機(jī)加強(qiáng)綜合應(yīng)對，根據(jù)事情本身的是非曲直闡明政策立場，獨(dú)立自主發(fā)揮建設(shè)性作用，就化解危機(jī)提出中方主張，就防止烏克蘭人道主義危機(jī)提出中國倡議，揭批和駁斥各種錯(cuò)誤論調(diào)及對我國的無端指責(zé)。我們在國際上主持公道，敢于擔(dān)當(dāng)，堅(jiān)定維護(hù)公平正義，得到多數(shù)國家特別是廣大發(fā)展中國家的廣泛理解和認(rèn)同。
Faced with a complex and turbulent global landscape, China’s foreign-related work continues to break the waves and forge ahead. Head-of-state diplomacy provides comprehensive guidance for China’s overall external work. General Secretary Xi Jinping has had in-depth communications and exchanges with foreign leaders and heads of international organizations, giving a tremendous boost to China’s foreign relations under the new circumstances. General Secretary Xi Jinping attended and addressed the annual session of the Davos World Economic Forum via video link and gave a keynote speech by video to the opening ceremony of the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 2022, elaborating on China’s propositions under the new circumstances on such major issues as building a community with a shared future for mankind, COVID-19 response, economic recovery, global security and Asian cooperation, and making a vigorous effort to chart the correct direction for the development of the global order. Other Party and State leaders also engaged in active external interactions. We have worked intensively in such priority areas as major countries, neighboring countries, developing countries and multilateral institutions, in an effort to continuously consolidating and developing China’s global partnerships. We have resolutely pushed back the attempts of a few countries to interfere in China’s domestic affairs and to provoke or pressure China through issues concerning Taiwan, Xinjiang, Hong Kong, maritime affairs and human rights, thus demonstrating our steadfast resolve and strong confidence in safeguarding our country’s sovereignty, security and development interests. We have stepped up our holistic approach to the Ukraine crisis, explained our clear policy stance based on the merits of the matter, played an independent and constructive role, proposed ways to resolve the crisis, put forward China’s initiative on preventing a humanitarian crisis in Ukraine, and debunked and rebutted the various wrongful rhetoric and unfounded accusations against China. In so doing, we have spoken up for justice in the international arena, performed our responsibilities, firmly upheld fairness and equity, and won extensive understanding and recognition from the majority of countries, particularly the vast number of developing countries.
上述成就的取得，關(guān)鍵在于習(xí)近平總書記和黨中央的英明決策，在于習(xí)近平新時(shí)代中國特色社會主義思想的正確指導(dǎo)，在于全黨全軍全國人民同心同德、奮力拼搏。個(gè)別國家基于對華遏制的戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)，對中國取得的巨大成就和對國際和平發(fā)展事業(yè)作出的突出貢獻(xiàn)選擇視而不見，反而從冷戰(zhàn)思維和意識形態(tài)偏見出發(fā)，千方百計(jì)傳播虛假信息、對我國進(jìn)行攻擊抹黑，熱衷于搞各種會議為自己打氣壯膽、謀一己私利，通過拉幫結(jié)派搞“小圈子”制造陣營對抗，企圖破壞我國周邊安全穩(wěn)定，損害我國核心重大利益。他們的圖謀絕不可能得逞。事實(shí)證明，我們牢牢把握住了世界發(fā)展大勢和歷史的正確方向，我們有中國共產(chǎn)黨的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、中國特色社會主義制度的顯著優(yōu)勢、持續(xù)快速發(fā)展積累的堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)、長期穩(wěn)定的社會環(huán)境和自信自強(qiáng)的精神力量這“五個(gè)戰(zhàn)略性有利條件”，任何妄圖遲滯、阻止我國發(fā)展強(qiáng)大的陰謀都注定失敗，中華民族偉大復(fù)興的目標(biāo)一定會實(shí)現(xiàn)。
The key to securing these achievements lies in the wise decision-making by General Secretary Xi Jinping and the CPC Central Committee, and the correct guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, as well as the concerted and dedicated efforts of our Party, armed forces and all Chinese people. Certain countries, harboring the strategic goal of containing China, have chosen to ignore China’s remarkable achievements and outstanding contribution to international peace and development. Instead, they have proceeded from their cold war mentality and ideological bias, gone out of their way to spread disinformation in order to smear and attack China, shown great interest in putting together various gatherings to embolden themselves and seek selfish gains, and created bloc confrontation by ganging up in small circles, all in an attempt to sabotage security and stability in China’s periphery and undermine China’s core and major interests. Their schemes will never succeed. What has happened shows that we have firmly grasped the overarching trend of global development and the right direction of history. We also have the five strategic conditions in our favor, namely the strong leadership of the CPC, the significant institutional strengths of socialism with Chinese characteristics, the solid foundation laid by China’s sustained and fast development, long-term and enduring social stability, and a powerful drive that fills us with confidence and strength. Any conspiracy aimed at delaying or obstructing China’s development and growth is doomed to fail. The goal of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will definitely be realized.
二
II
面對國際形勢新特點(diǎn)和我國外部環(huán)境新特征，習(xí)近平總書記提出一系列重要新思想新主張新倡議，為引領(lǐng)世界大變局正確方向、破解國際安全困境、實(shí)現(xiàn)世界共同發(fā)展、守護(hù)人類生命健康、維護(hù)真正的多邊主義提供了行動指南。
In the face of new characteristics of the international situation and new features of China’s external environment, General Secretary Xi Jinping has put forward a series of important new thoughts, propositions and initiatives, providing a guide to action for steering the major changes of the world in the right direction, resolving the international security dilemma, realizing common development around the world, safeguarding people’s lives and health, and upholding true multilateralism.
習(xí)近平總書記針對世界大變局加速向縱深發(fā)展，世界進(jìn)入新的動蕩變革期，指出世界之變、時(shí)代之變、歷史之變正以前所未有的方式展開，給人類提出了必須嚴(yán)肅對待的挑戰(zhàn)，各國要順應(yīng)和平、發(fā)展、合作、共贏的時(shí)代潮流，向著構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體的正確方向，攜手迎接挑戰(zhàn)、合作開創(chuàng)未來。當(dāng)前和今后一個(gè)時(shí)期，將是中華民族偉大復(fù)興持續(xù)推進(jìn)和世界大變局深入演變的關(guān)鍵階段，國際形勢中各種新問題新挑戰(zhàn)會出現(xiàn)可以預(yù)見和難以預(yù)見的復(fù)雜變化，但危與機(jī)總是并存共生，關(guān)鍵是如何把握機(jī)遇，善于化危為機(jī)。個(gè)別國家企圖通過搞亂世界轉(zhuǎn)移矛盾，通過制造逆流來改變時(shí)代潮流，這種開歷史倒車的做法撼動不了世界大變局的根本方向。我們要持續(xù)深化對世界大變局的認(rèn)識，在實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的歷史進(jìn)程中與世界各國一道推動構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體，在適應(yīng)、引領(lǐng)、塑造世界大變局中維護(hù)我國長遠(yuǎn)根本利益。
In response to the accelerated evolution of the profound changes that are taking the world into a new period of instability and transformation, General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that changes of the world, of our times and of history are unfolding in ways like never before. These changes are posing challenges that must be taken seriously by humanity. Countries need to follow the trend of the times featuring peace, development and win-win cooperation, move in the right direction of building a community with a shared future for mankind, and rise to challenges and build a bright future through cooperation. The present and the immediate future will be a critical phase for the sustained progress toward the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and for the profound evolution of changes in the world. New problems and challenges in the international landscape may spur complex changes, both predictable and unpredictable. Yet in every challenge lies an opportunity. The key is how to seize opportunities and turn challenges into opportunities. Certain countries have tried to deflect problems by causing chaos in the world, or to reverse the trend of the times by creating countercurrents. Such attempts to turn back the wheel of history can in no way alter the fundamental direction of the evolving world. We shall gain a deeper understanding of the major changes taking place in the world. We shall work with all countries toward a community with a shared future for mankind as we strive to promote the historical process of great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and we shall defend China’s long-term and fundamental interests as we adapt to, steer and shape major changes in the world.
習(xí)近平總書記著眼應(yīng)對全球共同挑戰(zhàn)、促進(jìn)世界安危與共，提出全球安全倡議，強(qiáng)調(diào)安全是發(fā)展的前提，人類是不可分割的安全共同體，要堅(jiān)持共同、綜合、合作、可持續(xù)的安全觀，堅(jiān)持尊重各國主權(quán)、領(lǐng)土完整，堅(jiān)持遵守聯(lián)合國憲章宗旨和原則，堅(jiān)持重視各國合理安全關(guān)切，堅(jiān)持通過對話協(xié)商以和平方式解決國家間的分歧和爭端，堅(jiān)持統(tǒng)籌維護(hù)傳統(tǒng)領(lǐng)域和非傳統(tǒng)領(lǐng)域安全。當(dāng)前，國際形勢的中長期趨勢與階段性特征相互交織，某些國家冷戰(zhàn)思維從未消失，霸權(quán)主義、強(qiáng)權(quán)政治根深蒂固，單邊主義、保護(hù)主義不時(shí)沉渣泛起，各種結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾帶來的安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)仍不時(shí)爆發(fā)。我們要秉持新安全觀，反對一切形式的霸權(quán)霸凌行徑，反對打著各種幌子干涉別國內(nèi)政，反對泛化國家安全概念對他國進(jìn)行遏制打壓，反對把經(jīng)濟(jì)科技問題政治化武器化，要堅(jiān)持推動各國走對話而不對抗、結(jié)伴而不結(jié)盟的國與國交往新路。
In light of the need to meet common challenges facing our world and promote security for all, General Secretary Xi Jinping has proposed the Global Security Initiative (GSI), highlighting security as the precondition for development. We humanity are living in an indivisible security community. We should stay committed to the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, respect the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries, abide by the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, take the legitimate security concerns of all countries seriously, resolve differences and disputes between countries peacefully through dialogue and consultation, and maintain security in both traditional and non-traditional domains. Right now, in the international situation, the medium- to long-term trends are interlaced with the features of this particular stage. Some countries have yet to renounce their cold war mentality; hegemonism and power politics remain entrenched; unilateralism and protectionism raise their heads from time to time; and security risks that arise from structural problems of various kinds flare up now and then. We should uphold the new vision on security and oppose all forms of hegemonic and bullying acts, oppose interference in the internal affairs of other countries under whatever pretexts, oppose overstretching the concept of national security to contain and suppress other countries, and oppose politicizing and weaponizing economic, scientific and technological issues. Countries should be encouraged to pursue a new path of state-to-state engagement featuring dialogue and partnership rather than confrontation or alliance.
習(xí)近平總書記針對全球發(fā)展進(jìn)程遭受嚴(yán)重沖擊、人類發(fā)展指數(shù)30年來首次下降，不斷豐富完善全球發(fā)展倡議，強(qiáng)調(diào)不管遇到什么困難，都要堅(jiān)持以人民為中心的發(fā)展思想，把促進(jìn)發(fā)展、保障民生置于全球宏觀政策的突出位置，落實(shí)聯(lián)合國2030年可持續(xù)發(fā)展議程，促進(jìn)現(xiàn)有發(fā)展合作機(jī)制協(xié)同增效，促進(jìn)全球均衡發(fā)展。當(dāng)前，新冠肺炎疫情對全球減貧成果產(chǎn)生巨大影響，南北差距、復(fù)蘇分化、發(fā)展斷層、技術(shù)鴻溝等問題更加突出，全球產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈供應(yīng)鏈穩(wěn)定面臨不少風(fēng)險(xiǎn)挑戰(zhàn)，一些國家政策調(diào)整產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重負(fù)面外溢效應(yīng)。我們要推動建設(shè)開放型世界經(jīng)濟(jì)，加強(qiáng)宏觀政策協(xié)調(diào)，促進(jìn)全球平衡、協(xié)調(diào)、包容發(fā)展。推動各國實(shí)施政策、采取措施、開展行動都要把是否有利于民生福祉放在第一位，要關(guān)注發(fā)展中國家緊迫需要，圍繞減貧、糧食安全、發(fā)展籌資、工業(yè)化等重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域推進(jìn)合作，著力解決發(fā)展不平衡不充分問題。
In response to the serious disruption to the process of global development, as evidenced by the first-time decline of the Human Development Index in 30 years, General Secretary Xi Jinping has continued to enrich and flesh out the Global Development Initiative (GDI), emphasizing that no matter what difficulties may come our way, we must adhere to a people-centered philosophy of development, place development and livelihoods front and center in global macro policies, implement the UN’s 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and build greater synergy among existing mechanisms of development cooperation to promote balanced development worldwide. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has seriously eroded the gains in the global poverty reduction endeavor. Problems like a widening North-South gap, divergent recovery trajectories, development fault lines and a technological divide have become more acute; risks and challenges for keeping global industrial and supply chains stable are many; and policy adjustments in some countries have produced serious, negative spillovers. We should work for an open world economy and increase macro policy coordination to promote balanced, coordinated and inclusive development in the world. We should encourage countries to always give top priority to bettering people’s lives when implementing policies, unveiling measures and taking actions. Due attention should be given to the pressing needs of developing countries and more cooperation is needed in such key areas as poverty reduction, food security, development financing and industrialization, in order to address uneven and inadequate development.
習(xí)近平總書記就統(tǒng)籌疫情防控與經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展作出一系列重大判斷和重要論述，強(qiáng)調(diào)人民生命安全和身體健康是人類發(fā)展進(jìn)步的前提，人類徹底戰(zhàn)勝新冠肺炎疫情還要付出艱苦努力，堅(jiān)定信心、同舟共濟(jì)是戰(zhàn)勝疫情唯一正確道路，倡導(dǎo)各國要相互支持，加強(qiáng)防疫措施協(xié)調(diào)，完善全球公共衛(wèi)生治理，形成應(yīng)對疫情強(qiáng)大國際合力，加快建設(shè)人類衛(wèi)生健康共同體。當(dāng)前，全球疫情仍處于高位，最終走向還有很大不確定性，遠(yuǎn)沒有到可以松口氣、歇歇腳的時(shí)候。疫情的影響不斷滲透到國際政治經(jīng)濟(jì)和各國社會生活的方方面面，西方一些人借抗疫對我國妄加指責(zé)，大肆抹黑攻擊我社會制度。我們要始終保持清醒頭腦，毫不動搖堅(jiān)持“動態(tài)清零”總方針，堅(jiān)決同一切歪曲、懷疑、否定我國防疫政策的言行作斗爭，同時(shí)積極推動各國加強(qiáng)國際抗疫合作，共筑多重抗疫防線，彌合國際“免疫鴻溝”，反對任何相互掣肘、無端“甩鍋”言行，共同守護(hù)人類生命健康。
On coordinating the COVID-19 response with economic and social development, General Secretary Xi Jinping has made a series of major assessments and important observations, stressing that people’s lives and health are the prerequisite for human development and progress, that for humanity to score a final victory against the COVID-19 pandemic, more hard efforts are needed, and that confidence and solidarity represent the only sure path to defeating the pandemic. General Secretary Xi Jinping has also called on countries to support each other, better coordinate response measures and improve global public health governance, so as to form strong international synergy against the pandemic and speed up efforts toward a global community of health for all. Currently, COVID-19 remains a serious global pandemic, and there is considerable uncertainty about its future development. Now is certainly not the time to sit down and relax. The pandemic has continued to evolve with its impact reaching every aspect of the international political and economic dynamics and the social activities of all countries, and some in the West have used the pandemic to make unfounded accusations against China and to vilify and attack China’s social system. We must stay level-headed, unswervingly adhere to our dynamic zero-COVID policy, and resolutely counter any rhetoric or action aimed at distorting, challenging or discrediting China’s COVID-19 response policy. At the same time, we need to encourage all countries to step up international cooperation against the pandemic, put up multiple lines of defense, close the global immunization gap, and oppose the rhetoric and practice of holding each other back or shifting blame, all in an effort to jointly defend people’s lives and health.
習(xí)近平總書記針對多邊主義和全球治理面臨的新挑戰(zhàn)，指出任何執(zhí)意打造“小院高墻”、“平行體系”的行徑，任何熱衷于搞排他性“小圈子”、“小集團(tuán)”、分裂世界的行徑，任何脫鉤、斷供、極限施壓的行徑，都嚴(yán)重削弱國際社會應(yīng)對共同挑戰(zhàn)的努力，強(qiáng)調(diào)要堅(jiān)持真正的多邊主義，堅(jiān)定維護(hù)以聯(lián)合國為核心的國際體系和以國際法為基礎(chǔ)的國際秩序。事實(shí)是，國際社會大多數(shù)國家強(qiáng)烈反對鼓吹冷戰(zhàn)思維和陣營對抗的行徑，對其“假民主、真維霸”的極端利己主義本質(zhì)看得十分清楚。我們要踐行共商共建共享的全球治理觀，弘揚(yáng)全人類共同價(jià)值，倡導(dǎo)不同文明交流互鑒。要大力倡導(dǎo)國際關(guān)系民主化，推動提升廣大發(fā)展中國家在全球事務(wù)中的代表性和發(fā)言權(quán)，同國際社會攜手應(yīng)對全球性挑戰(zhàn)，不斷改革和完善全球治理體系。
In response to the new challenges facing multilateralism and global governance, General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that attempts to single-mindedly build “small yards with high walls” or “parallel systems”, to form exclusive small circles or blocs that polarize the world, and to decouple, disrupt supply or exert maximum pressure will seriously undercut international efforts to tackle common challenges, underscoring the need to uphold true multilateralism and firmly safeguard the international system with the UN at its core and the international order underpinned by international law. In fact, the majority of countries in the world are strongly opposed to acts of fanning up cold war mentality and bloc confrontation, as they see clearly the nature of such excessive, selfish pursuit for hegemony under the disguise of democracy. We need to follow the principles of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits in global governance, promote humanity’s common values, and encourage exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations. We need to champion greater democracy in international relations, increase the representation and voice of developing countries in global affairs, and work with the rest of the international community to tackle global challenges and reform and improve the global governance system.
習(xí)近平總書記的一系列重大論述、重要思想深刻揭示了國際形勢發(fā)展演變的深層規(guī)律，體現(xiàn)了中國與各國一道推動構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體的責(zé)任和擔(dān)當(dāng)，為各國在亂局變局中維護(hù)安全和促進(jìn)發(fā)展指明方向，受到國際社會高度贊譽(yù)和普遍歡迎。習(xí)近平外交思想的不斷創(chuàng)新發(fā)展，是我們分析把握當(dāng)前國際形勢的根本遵循，是指引對外工作勇往直前、攻堅(jiān)克難的強(qiáng)大思想武器。我國推動構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體，反映了世界各國人心所向，代表了歷史演進(jìn)正確方向，是引領(lǐng)世界大變局發(fā)展走向的重要動力。我們要把思想和行動統(tǒng)一到習(xí)近平總書記重大論斷和黨中央決策部署上來，牢固樹立正確的歷史觀、大局觀、角色觀，透過現(xiàn)象看本質(zhì)，透過當(dāng)前看長遠(yuǎn)。要堅(jiān)持把握正確方向和堅(jiān)定戰(zhàn)略自信，準(zhǔn)確認(rèn)識和把握主要矛盾和中心任務(wù)，高度重視戰(zhàn)略策略問題，發(fā)揚(yáng)斗爭精神，敢于斗爭、善于斗爭，在危機(jī)中育新機(jī)、于變局中開新局。
These major observations and important thoughts of General Secretary Xi Jinping have profoundly revealed the underlying trend of the evolving international landscape, demonstrated China’s sense of responsibility and commitment for working with all other countries to build a community with a shared future for mankind, and pointed the way forward for countries to maintain security and advance development in times of instability and transformation. They have been highly acclaimed and widely welcomed by the international community. Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy, being ever enriching and developing, offers a fundamental guidance for us to analyze and understand the current international situation, and provides a powerful intellectual inspiration for China’s external work to forge ahead against all odds. China’s commitment to building a community with a shared future for mankind reflects an aspiration shared by people around the world. It represents the right direction of historical evolution, and serves as an important driving force that shapes the changing world. We must think and act in accordance with the important conclusions made by General Secretary Xi Jinping and the decisions and plans of the CPC Central Committee, foster a correct outlook on history, on the bigger picture and on the role of our country, and see through the phenomenon to grasp the essence and look beyond the present to seize long-term trends. We need to stick to the right direction, firm up strategic confidence, get a keen understanding of the principal contradiction and central tasks, take both strategic and tactical issues seriously, maintain a fighting spirit, and be brave and adept in carrying out our struggle. By doing so, we will foster new opportunities amidst crises and open up new horizons on a shifting landscape.
三
III
今年我們將迎來黨的二十大，這是貫穿今年全年、統(tǒng)領(lǐng)各項(xiàng)工作的主線。對外工作要更加全面系統(tǒng)深入地學(xué)習(xí)貫徹習(xí)近平新時(shí)代中國特色社會主義思想和習(xí)近平外交思想，著眼中華民族偉大復(fù)興戰(zhàn)略全局和世界百年未有之大變局，高舉構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體旗幟，以高度的政治責(zé)任感和歷史使命感扎實(shí)做好對外各方面工作，以實(shí)際行動迎接黨的二十大勝利召開，為全面建設(shè)社會主義現(xiàn)代化國家作出應(yīng)有貢獻(xiàn)。
This year, the CPC will convene its 20th National Congress. It is the overriding theme that will run through our work on all fronts for the entire year. In conducting our external work, we must study and implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy all the more comprehensively, systematically and thoroughly. We must keep in mind the overarching strategic context of the Chinese nation’s great rejuvenation and major changes unseen in a century in the world, hold high the banner of building a community with a shared future for mankind, and deliver a solid performance in external work across the board with a great sense of political responsibility and historical mission, to celebrate the successful opening of the 20th National Congress of the CPC with concrete actions and contribute our part to building a modern socialist country in all respects.
一是統(tǒng)籌國內(nèi)國際兩個(gè)大局，加強(qiáng)對外工作全局系統(tǒng)謀劃。堅(jiān)決落實(shí)習(xí)近平總書記關(guān)于對外工作重要指示批示精神和黨中央決策部署，堅(jiān)持以元首外交為戰(zhàn)略引領(lǐng)，精心謀劃做好各方向各領(lǐng)域?qū)ν夤ぷ?，服?wù)黨和國家中心任務(wù)。全力推動習(xí)近平總書記重大理念重大倡議的實(shí)施，堅(jiān)定推進(jìn)國際團(tuán)結(jié)合作、維護(hù)世界和平穩(wěn)定、促進(jìn)共同發(fā)展繁榮。排除一切外部干擾，防范化解各種涉外突發(fā)因素和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)挑戰(zhàn)，全力確保國內(nèi)發(fā)展穩(wěn)定大局。
First, we will take a coordinated approach to the domestic and international imperatives and enhance overall and systematic planning for external work. We will resolutely follow through on General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important instructions on external work and the decisions and plans of the CPC Central Committee, adhere to the strategic guidance of head-of-state diplomacy, and make good plans for and deliver good results in external work on all fronts and in all areas, to serve the central tasks of the Party and the country. We will make every effort to promote the implementation of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s major visions and initiatives, and work steadfastly to advance international solidarity and cooperation, uphold world peace and stability, and promote common development and prosperity. We will remove all external disruptions, forestall and defuse the various foreign-related emergencies, risks and challenges, and do all that is necessary to ensure overall development and stability at home.
二是堅(jiān)持統(tǒng)籌發(fā)展和安全，更好服務(wù)國家發(fā)展和民族復(fù)興。堅(jiān)決維護(hù)好國家尊嚴(yán)、制度安全和意識形態(tài)安全，確保我國政治和社會大局穩(wěn)定。在涉臺、涉港、涉疆、涉藏、涉海等問題上堅(jiān)定捍衛(wèi)國家核心重大利益，堅(jiān)決挫敗任何損害我國領(lǐng)土主權(quán)、干涉我國內(nèi)政的圖謀。打好疫情防控總體戰(zhàn)綜合戰(zhàn)，在持續(xù)精準(zhǔn)有效做好外防輸入工作的同時(shí)，穩(wěn)妥開展疫情下對外交往合作。與地區(qū)國家共同維護(hù)亞太和平穩(wěn)定，防范各類風(fēng)險(xiǎn)挑戰(zhàn)，推動高質(zhì)量共建“一帶一路”走穩(wěn)走實(shí)。完整、準(zhǔn)確、全面貫徹新發(fā)展理念，堅(jiān)持推進(jìn)開放合作，暢通做強(qiáng)國內(nèi)國際雙循環(huán)，為高質(zhì)量發(fā)展創(chuàng)造有利條件，同時(shí)深入研究經(jīng)貿(mào)、科技、金融、能源、糧食等各方面問題，守住不發(fā)生系統(tǒng)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)危機(jī)的底線。統(tǒng)籌應(yīng)對傳統(tǒng)和非傳統(tǒng)安全威脅，強(qiáng)化保護(hù)海外公民人身安全，提升海外利益保障水平。
Second, we will continue to coordinate development and security priorities to better serve China’s development and national rejuvenation. We will firmly safeguard the dignity of the country as well as the security of our system and ideology, and ensure China’s overall political and social stability. On issues concerning Taiwan, Hong Kong, Xinjiang, Tibet and maritime affairs, we will resolutely defend China’s core and major interests and thwart any attempt to undermine China’s territorial sovereignty and interfere in our internal affairs. We will fight to win the comprehensive, all-out war against COVID-19. While continuing to forestall imported cases in a targeted and effective manner, we will prudently engage in external exchanges and cooperation amid the pandemic. We will work with countries in the region to uphold peace and stability in the Asia-Pacific, guard against risks and challenges of various sorts, and pursue steady and solid progress in high-quality Belt and Road cooperation. We will implement the new development philosophy fully, faithfully and across the board, stay committed to advancing openness and cooperation, promote smooth and dynamic domestic and international economic circulations, and create favorable conditions for high-quality development. Meanwhile, we will carry out in-depth study on issues relating to the economy, trade, technology, finance, energy, food and other fields, to hold the red line of no systemic risks or crises. We will take a coordinated approach to addressing traditional and non-traditional security threats, step up protection of the safety of Chinese citizens overseas, and enhance the level of protection of China’s interests abroad.
三是推進(jìn)和完善對外工作布局，鞏固全球伙伴關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò)。深化大國協(xié)調(diào)與合作，促進(jìn)國際格局總體穩(wěn)定、均衡發(fā)展。堅(jiān)持推進(jìn)中俄新時(shí)代全面戰(zhàn)略協(xié)作伙伴關(guān)系。敦促美方同中方相向而行，堅(jiān)持相互尊重、和平共處、合作共贏，妥善管控分歧，堅(jiān)決回應(yīng)美方任何遏制打壓中國的圖謀和言行。加強(qiáng)溝通、增進(jìn)互信、著眼長遠(yuǎn)，推動中歐堅(jiān)持打造和平、增長、改革、文明四大伙伴關(guān)系。大力推進(jìn)周邊命運(yùn)共同體建設(shè)，不斷鞏固與周邊國家政治互信和利益交融，堅(jiān)持高質(zhì)量實(shí)施《區(qū)域全面經(jīng)濟(jì)伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定》，同東盟國家推進(jìn)“南海行為準(zhǔn)則”磋商和海上對話合作，堅(jiān)決反對一些人在亞太周邊地區(qū)蓄意挑動對抗、傳播虛假信息、破壞發(fā)展合作的行徑。不斷鞏固與發(fā)展中國家的團(tuán)結(jié)合作，維護(hù)好發(fā)展中國家共同利益，擴(kuò)大深化同有關(guān)地區(qū)組織的友好合作關(guān)系。在烏克蘭危機(jī)、朝鮮半島、伊朗核、阿富汗等熱點(diǎn)問題上，堅(jiān)持原則立場，維護(hù)公平正義，發(fā)揮建設(shè)性作用。
Third, we will advance and improve the overall layout of China’s external work and strengthen our global network of partnerships. We will deepen coordination and cooperation with major countries and promote overall stability and balanced development of the international configuration. We will continue to move forward the China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for a new era. We will urge the United States to work with us in managing China-US relations in ways of staying committed to mutual respect, peaceful coexistence and win-win cooperation and properly managing differences. We will resolutely respond to any scheme, rhetoric or act by the US side to contain China or take China down. We will step up communication and mutual trust with the EU from a long-term perspective, and promote the shared commitment of the two sides to building partnerships for peace, growth, reform and civilization. We will vigorously advance the building of a community with a shared future with our neighbors, continue to cement mutual political trust and convergence of interests with neighboring countries, stay committed to high-quality implementation of the RCEP, work with ASEAN countries to advance consultations on a code of conduct in the South China Sea (COC) and dialogue and cooperation on maritime affairs, and firmly oppose acts by some people to deliberately provoke confrontation, spread disinformation and sabotage development and cooperation in the Asia-Pacific or China’s neighborhood. We will make continuous efforts to enhance solidarity and cooperation with other developing countries, safeguard the common interests of developing countries, and broaden and deepen friendly and cooperative relations with relevant regional organizations. On hot-spot issues such as the Ukraine crisis, the Korean Peninsula issue, the Iranian nuclear issue and Afghanistan, we will stand by our principled position, uphold fairness and justice and play our constructive role.
四是積極參與和引領(lǐng)全球治理體系改革和建設(shè)，倡導(dǎo)和踐行真正的多邊主義。堅(jiān)持推動構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體、構(gòu)建新型國際關(guān)系，堅(jiān)定維護(hù)以聯(lián)合國為核心的國際體系，堅(jiān)決反對任何帶有冷戰(zhàn)思維和意識形態(tài)偏見的“小圈子”，推動國際秩序向更加公正合理方向發(fā)展。堅(jiān)定支持經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化，構(gòu)建開放型世界經(jīng)濟(jì)，促進(jìn)國際宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策協(xié)調(diào)和貿(mào)易投資自由化便利化。積極支持上海合作組織、金磚國家務(wù)實(shí)合作和機(jī)制建設(shè)不斷打開新局面、實(shí)現(xiàn)新發(fā)展，支持二十國集團(tuán)、亞太經(jīng)合組織等多邊機(jī)制發(fā)揮應(yīng)有作用。推動全球發(fā)展倡議、全球安全倡議更好落地落實(shí)，推進(jìn)構(gòu)建人類衛(wèi)生健康共同體，積極參與氣候變化及網(wǎng)絡(luò)、深海、極地、外空等領(lǐng)域國際治理。
Fourth, we will actively take part in and lead the reform and development of the global governance system, and champion and practice true multilateralism. We will stay committed to building a community with a shared future for mankind and to fostering a new type of international relations. We will firmly uphold the international system centered on the UN, resolutely oppose small circles based on cold war mentality and ideological bias, and work for a more fair and equitable international order. We will firmly support economic globalization, work to build an open world economy, and promote global macroeconomic policy coordination and trade and investment liberalization and facilitation. We will actively support the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the BRICS countries in breaking new ground and achieving new progress in practical cooperation and institution building, and support multilateral mechanisms including the G20 and APEC in playing their due roles. We will work for sound implementation of the GDI and the GSI, advance the building of a global community of health for all, and take an active part in international governance initiatives related to climate change, cyberspace, the deep sea, the polar regions and outer space.
五是堅(jiān)持黨中央集中統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，進(jìn)一步夯實(shí)黨中央統(tǒng)攬全局、協(xié)調(diào)各方的對外工作大協(xié)同局面。在思想上政治上行動上同以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央保持高度一致，確保令行禁止、步調(diào)一致，把黨中央的集中統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)落實(shí)到對外工作各方面全過程。進(jìn)一步做好對外援助、民間外交、地方外事、涉外法治的統(tǒng)籌協(xié)調(diào)，積極有序開展各方面各領(lǐng)域?qū)ν饨煌?。推動開展各種形式的人文交流活動，靈活生動講好中國故事，更好展示真實(shí)、立體、全面的中國。深入推進(jìn)黨史學(xué)習(xí)教育常態(tài)化長效化，把黨的歷史學(xué)習(xí)好、總結(jié)好，把黨的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)傳承好、發(fā)揚(yáng)好。
Fifth, we will uphold the centralized, unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee and further consolidate the synergized framework in which the CPC Central Committee exercises overall leadership and coordinates all aspects of external work. We will keep strictly in line with the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core in terms of our thinking, political orientation and action, and ensure that all directives are executed without fail and good coordination is maintained and that the centralized, unified leadership of the Central Committee is followed in every dimension and phase of our external work. We will further coordinate foreign assistance, people-to-people diplomacy, foreign affairs at the subnational level and foreign-related rule of law, and actively carry out external exchanges on all fronts and in all fields in an orderly manner. We will encourage diverse cultural exchanges and activities, tell China’s stories in lively ways, and better present a true, multi-dimensional and panoramic view of China to the world. We will ensure that the campaign on studying the Party’s history is carried out on a regular and long-term basis to fully study and review the Party’s history and to inherit and carry forward the Party’s successful experience.
在實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的歷史征程上，對外工作任務(wù)艱巨、使命光榮、責(zé)任重大。我們要更加緊密團(tuán)結(jié)在以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央周圍，深刻領(lǐng)會“兩個(gè)確立”的決定性意義，進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)“四個(gè)意識”，堅(jiān)定“四個(gè)自信”，做到“兩個(gè)維護(hù)”，不斷提高政治判斷力、政治領(lǐng)悟力、政治執(zhí)行力，更加奮發(fā)有為，開拓進(jìn)取，不斷開創(chuàng)新時(shí)代對外工作新局面。在以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，我們一定能夠攻堅(jiān)克難、劈波斬浪，朝著實(shí)現(xiàn)第二個(gè)百年奮斗目標(biāo)昂首邁進(jìn)，為推動人類和平與發(fā)展進(jìn)步事業(yè)作出新的更大貢獻(xiàn)。
In the historic journey toward realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, we in the foreign service are entrusted with demanding tasks, lofty mission and important responsibilities. We must rally even more closely around the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, gain a thorough understanding of the decisive significance of establishing Comrade Xi Jinping’s core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole and establishing the guiding role of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, further strengthen our consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core and keep in alignment, enhance confidence in the path, theory, system and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and uphold General Secretary Xi Jinping’s core position in both the Party Central Committee and the Party as a whole as well as the authority and centralized, unified leadership of the Party Central Committee. We must continue to enhance our capacity for political judgement, thinking and implementation, work with greater initiative and enthusiasm, and keep breaking new ground in China’s external work in the new era. Under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, we will break the waves and surmount all challenges and difficulties, and will stride confidently toward realizing the Second Centenary Goal and contribute even more to the cause of peace, development and progress of humanity.
