新時代的中非合作
China and Africa in the New Era: A Partnership of Equals
一、構(gòu)建更加緊密的中非命運共同體
I. Building an Even Stronger China-Africa Community of Shared Future
二、不斷拓展新時代中非各領域合作
II. All-Round China-Africa Cooperation in the New Era
三、堅定不移鞏固相互支持
III. Strengthening Mutual Support
四、奮力開創(chuàng)中非關系新局面
IV. Breaking New Ground in China-Africa Relations
前言
Preface
中國是世界上最大的發(fā)展中國家，非洲是發(fā)展中國家最集中的大陸。相似的歷史遭遇、共同的歷史使命把中國和非洲緊緊聯(lián)系在一起，中非從來就是命運共同體。發(fā)展同非洲國家的團結(jié)合作是中國對外政策的重要基石，也是中國長期堅定的戰(zhàn)略選擇。中國和非洲國家在爭取民族解放和國家獨立的斗爭中相互支持，持續(xù)深化政治互信；在實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和民族振興的道路上互幫互助，不斷拓展合作新領域；在重大國際和地區(qū)問題上密切協(xié)調(diào)，共同捍衛(wèi)國際公平正義。
China is the largest developing country in the world, and Africa is the continent with the largest number of developing countries. Shared past experiences and similar aims and goals have brought China and Africa close together. China and Africa will always be a community of shared future. Developing solidarity and cooperation with African countries has been the cornerstone of China’s foreign policy, as well as a firm and longstanding strategy. In the fight for national liberation and independence, China and African countries supported each other and expanded mutual political trust in the process. In pursuing economic development and national rejuvenation, both sides have been helping the other and increasing the scope of cooperation. On major international and regional issues, they have coordinated their positions and jointly safeguarded international equality and justice.
進入新時代，習近平主席提出真實親誠對非政策理念和正確義利觀，為新時代對非合作指明了前進方向、提供了根本遵循。2015年和2018年，中非合作論壇約翰內(nèi)斯堡峰會和北京峰會先后成功舉辦，引領中非合作達到前所未有的新高度。習近平主席在北京峰會上同非洲領導人一致決定，構(gòu)建更加緊密的中非命運共同體，深入推進中非共建“一帶一路”合作，在中非關系史上樹立了新的里程碑。
Entering the new era, Chinese President Xi Jinping put forward the principles of China’s Africa policy – sincerity, real results, amity and good faith, and pursuing the greater good and shared interests, charting the course for China’s cooperation with Africa, and providing the fundamental guidelines. The dual successes of the Johannesburg Summit in 2015 and the Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) in 2018 pushed China-Africa cooperation to a new and unprecedented high. President Xi Jinping and African leaders unanimously decided at the FOCAC Beijing Summit that the two sides would work to build an even stronger China-Africa community of shared future, advance cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative, establishing a new milestone in China-Africa relations.
中非關系不是一天就發(fā)展起來的，更不是什么人賜予的，而是中非風雨同舟、患難與共，一步一個腳印走出來的。中國為非洲發(fā)展提供了力所能及的幫助，中國感謝非洲國家和非洲人民長期以來給予中國的大力支持和無私幫助。新冠肺炎疫情發(fā)生后，中國和非洲國家患難與共、守望相助，譜寫了中非團結(jié)友好、共克時艱的新篇章。
China-Africa friendship has not been an overnight achievement, nor has it been gifted from on high. Rather, it has been fostered throughout the years when China and Africa supported and stood alongside each other in trying times. China has aided to the limit of its capabilities the development of Africa, and has been grateful for the strong support and selfless help African countries and their peoples have extended to China for a long period of time. Since the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic, China and African countries have continued to provide mutual support, writing a new chapter in China-Africa solidarity and friendship at times of crisis.
為介紹新時代中非合作成果，展望未來中非合作前景，特發(fā)布本白皮書。
This white paper is designed to document the successes of China-Africa cooperation in the new era, and offer a perspective on future cooperation between the two sides.
一、構(gòu)建更加緊密的中非命運共同體
I. Building an Even Stronger China-Africa Community of Shared Future
中非友好源遠流長。毛澤東主席等新中國第一代領導人和非洲老一輩政治家共同奠定了中非友好關系基礎。長期以來，中國始終尊重非洲、熱愛非洲、支持非洲，中國人民始終同非洲人民同呼吸、共命運，同心相向、守望相助，走出了一條特色鮮明的合作共贏之路。在2018年9月中非合作論壇北京峰會上，中非雙方?jīng)Q定構(gòu)建更加緊密的中非命運共同體，在中非關系史上樹立了新的里程碑，引領中非關系和中非合作邁入新時代。中非風雨同舟、攜手前行，為推動構(gòu)建人類命運共同體樹立了典范。
China and Africa enjoy a long-lasting friendship. Chairman Mao Zedong and other first-generation leaders of the People’s Republic of China (PRC), along with African statesmen of the older generation, laid the foundations for China-Africa friendship. China has always offered respect, appreciation, and support for Africa, and the Chinese people have shared weal and woe and mutual assistance with African people, exploring a distinctive path to win-win cooperation. At the FOCAC Beijing Summit held in September 2018, the two sides decided to build an even stronger China-Africa community of shared future and lead China-Africa relations and cooperation into a new era. China and Africa have stood together in success and adversity, setting an example for building a global community of shared future.
1
秉持真實親誠理念和正確義利觀
The Principles of Sincerity, Real Results, Amity and Good Faith and the Principles of Pursuing the Greater Good and Shared Interests
“真、實、親、誠”和正確義利觀高度凝練和概括了中國對非政策理念，體現(xiàn)了中國優(yōu)秀文化的道德精髓，融入了中非傳統(tǒng)友誼的歷史積淀，樹立了國際對非合作的時代標桿，是中國加強同包括非洲在內(nèi)的發(fā)展中國家團結(jié)合作的總體指導原則。
The principles of sincerity, real results, amity and good faith and the principles of pursuing the greater good and shared interests epitomize China’s policy to Africa. They represent the essence of Chinese culture and embody the historical traditions of China-Africa friendship – a role model for international cooperation with Africa. They are the overarching guiding principles for China in building up solidarity and cooperation with developing countries, including those in Africa.
對待非洲朋友，講一個“真”字。真朋友最可貴。中國始終把發(fā)展同非洲國家的團結(jié)合作作為中國對外政策的重要基礎，這一點絕不會因為中國自身發(fā)展和國際地位提高而發(fā)生變化。中國將繼續(xù)同非洲國家在涉及對方核心利益和重大關切問題上相互支持，繼續(xù)在國際和地區(qū)事務中堅定支持非洲國家的正義立場，維護發(fā)展中國家共同利益。中國將繼續(xù)堅定支持非洲國家自主解決本地區(qū)問題的努力，為促進非洲和平與安全作出更大貢獻。中國將繼續(xù)堅定支持非洲國家探索適合本國國情的發(fā)展道路，加強同非洲國家在治國理政方面的經(jīng)驗交流，從各自的古老文明和發(fā)展實踐中汲取智慧，促進中非共同發(fā)展繁榮。
“Sincerity” is how we treat our African friends. Nothing is more important than a true friend. China has always considered solidarity and cooperation with African countries to be an essential element of its foreign policy. This will never change, not even when China grows stronger and enjoys a higher international status. China is ready to reinforce mutual support with African countries on issues involving core interests and major concerns of either or both. China will continue its firm support for Africa’s position on international and regional affairs, and uphold the common interests of developing countries. China will continue its support for African countries’ efforts to resolve their continent’s issues in their own way, and make a greater contribution to peace and security in Africa. China will continue its firm support for African countries’ efforts to explore development paths suited to their national conditions. It also stands ready to increase exchanges on governance experience with African countries and boost common development and prosperity, by drawing on wisdom from the time-honored civilizations and experience of both sides.
開展對非合作，講一個“實”字。中國不僅是合作共贏的倡導者，更是積極實踐者。中國致力于把自身發(fā)展同非洲發(fā)展緊密聯(lián)系起來，把中國人民利益同非洲人民利益緊密結(jié)合起來，把中國發(fā)展機遇同非洲發(fā)展機遇緊密融合起來，真誠希望非洲國家發(fā)展得更快一些，非洲人民日子過得更好一些。中國在謀求自身發(fā)展的同時，始終向非洲朋友提供力所能及的支持和幫助。特別是近年來，中國加大了對非援助和合作力度。只要是中方作出的承諾，就一定會不折不扣落到實處。中國將繼續(xù)擴大同非洲的投融資合作，加強同非洲國家在農(nóng)業(yè)、制造業(yè)等領域的互利合作，幫助非洲國家把資源優(yōu)勢轉(zhuǎn)化為發(fā)展優(yōu)勢，實現(xiàn)自主發(fā)展和可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
“Real results” are what China aims to achieve in its cooperation with Africa. China is a champion of win-win cooperation and works to put the principle into action. China is committed to integrating its own development closely with Africa’s development, and the Chinese people’s interests with those of African peoples. By so doing, China sincerely hopes that African countries will grow stronger and that African life will get better. While pursuing its own development, China has extended support and assistance to its African friends to the limits of its capacity. Particularly in recent years, China has scaled up its assistance and cooperation with Africa. Whenever it makes a commitment, China will always honor it to the letter. It will continue to expand cooperation in investment and financing with Africa and strengthen mutually beneficial cooperation in agricultural and manufacturing sectors. By so doing, China will help African countries translate their strengths in resources into advantages in development and realize independent and sustainable development.
加強中非友好，講一個“親”字。中國人民和非洲人民有著天然的親近感。中非通過深入對話和實際行動獲得心與心的共鳴。中非關系的根基和血脈在人民，中非關系發(fā)展更多面向人民。中非重視人文交流，增進中非人民的相互了解和認知，厚植中非友好事業(yè)的社會基礎。中非關系是面向未來的事業(yè)，需要一代又一代中非有志青年共同接續(xù)奮斗。雙方應積極推動青年交流，使中非友好事業(yè)后繼有人，永葆青春和活力。
“Amity” is a principle China follows in strengthening China-Africa friendship. The peoples of China and Africa are destined to be good friends. Their hearts are bonded through dialogue and concrete actions. China-Africa friendship has its roots and lifeblood in the people, and the goal of China-Africa relations is to benefit the people. The two sides have long valued people-to-people exchanges, so that the Chinese people and African people know each other well and China-Africa friendship has grown on a solid social base. China-Africa friendship is forward-looking. To flourish, it needs continuous efforts by aspirational Chinese and African youth from one generation to another. The two sides should promote youth exchanges so that the friendship can maintain dynamism and vigor.
解決合作中的問題，講一個“誠”字。中國和非洲都處在快速發(fā)展過程中，相互認知需要不斷與時俱進。中方坦誠面對中非關系面臨的新情況新問題，對出現(xiàn)的問題，本著相互尊重、合作共贏的精神加以妥善解決。
“Good faith” should be honored in solving problems arising from cooperation. Both China and Africa are at a stage of rapid development. Their mutual understanding should keep abreast of the times. China faces up squarely to any new problems in their relations, and is committed to properly addressing emerging problems in a spirit of mutual respect and win-win cooperation.
正確義利觀講求的是義利相兼、以義為先，政治上主持公道、伸張正義，經(jīng)濟上互利共贏、共同發(fā)展，國際事務中講信義、重情義、揚正義、樹道義。正確處理“義”和“利”的關系是新時代中非合作的必然要求。中非關系最大的“義”，是把非洲自主可持續(xù)發(fā)展同中國自身發(fā)展緊密結(jié)合起來，不搞你輸我贏的零和游戲，不做唯利是圖的狹隘之舉，最終實現(xiàn)合作共贏。
In terms of the principles of shared interests and the greater good, each is of vital importance, but more emphasis is given to the latter. In international affairs, China advocates political justice, mutual economic benefit, win-win cooperation, and common development. It upholds good faith, friendship, and integrity. Properly handling the relationship between shared interests and the greater good is an essential requirement of China-Africa relations in the new era. The greatest good in China-Africa relations is to closely combine Africa’s independent and sustainable development with China’s own development, and reject the zero-sum game and actions driven by a narrow pursuit of profit. The ultimate goal is to realize win-win cooperation.
2
堅持相互尊重、共同發(fā)展
Mutual Respect and Common Development
中非合作是發(fā)展中國家間的互幫互助。中國在對非合作中始終踐行“四個堅持”和“五不”原則，一以貫之、日積月累，形成了一條特色鮮明的中非合作共贏之路。這些原則符合中國“己所不欲，勿施于人”的傳統(tǒng)理念，契合非洲國家的根本利益和國際關系的基本準則，是中非團結(jié)合作的本質(zhì)特征，對國際對非合作具有重要借鑒意義。
China-Africa cooperation is about mutual support between developing countries. Over the years, China has formed a distinctive approach to win-win cooperation with Africa. The approach is in line with the traditional Chinese philosophy, “Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you.” It also corresponds to the fundamental interests of African countries and the basic norms of international relations. It is a hallmark of China-Africa solidarity and cooperation and can serve as a useful reference for international cooperation with Africa.
“四個堅持”，即：
China’s approach involves upholding four principles:
——堅持真誠友好、平等相待。中國人民始終同非洲人民同呼吸、共命運，始終尊重非洲、熱愛非洲、支持非洲。
– Upholding sincerity, friendship and equality. The Chinese people have worked together with African people in pursuit of a shared future. China respects, appreciates and supports Africa.
——堅持義利相兼、以義為先。中國在對非合作中主張多予少取、先予后取、只予不取，張開懷抱歡迎非洲搭乘中國發(fā)展快車。
– Upholding shared interests and the greater good, with greater emphasis on the latter. In its cooperation with Africa, China applies the principles of giving more and taking less, giving before taking, and giving without asking for something in return. It welcomes African countries aboard the express train of China’s development with open arms.
——堅持發(fā)展為民、務實高效。中國堅持把中非人民利益放在首位，為中非人民福祉而推進合作，讓合作成果惠及中非人民；凡是中國答應非洲兄弟的事，就盡心盡力辦好。
– Upholding a people-oriented approach in pursuing practical cooperation with efficiency. In its cooperation with Africa, China gives top priority to the interests and wellbeing of the peoples of China and Africa, and works to their benefit. China is committed to fully honoring the promises it has made to its African friends.
——堅持開放包容、兼收并蓄。中國愿同國際合作伙伴一道，支持非洲和平與發(fā)展；凡是對非洲有利的事情，中國都歡迎和支持。
– Upholding openness and inclusiveness. China stands ready to work with other international partners to support Africa in pursuing peace and development. It welcomes and supports all initiatives that further Africa’s interests.
“五不”原則，即：中國不干預非洲國家探索符合國情的發(fā)展道路，不干涉非洲內(nèi)政，不把自己的意志強加于人，不在對非援助中附加任何政治條件，不在對非投資融資中謀取政治私利。
In developing relations with Africa, there are five lines that China will not cross: no interference in African countries’ choice of a development path that fits their national conditions; no interference in African countries’ internal affairs; no imposition of its will on African countries; no attachment of political strings to assistance to Africa; and no pursuit of selfish political gains through investment and financing cooperation with Africa.
3
樹立命運共同體崇高目標
The Lofty Goal of Building a Community of Shared Future
在2018年中非合作論壇北京峰會上，中非雙方就攜手打造“責任共擔、合作共贏、幸福共享、文化共興、安全共筑、和諧共生”的中非命運共同體達成戰(zhàn)略共識。這是中非命運共同體基本綱領，是中非雙方共同奮斗的宏偉目標，為新時代中非合作規(guī)劃了路徑。
At the FOCAC Beijing Summit in 2018, China and Africa reached a strategic agreement to build a China-Africa community of shared future characterized by joint responsibility, win-win cooperation, happiness for all, cultural prosperity, common security, and harmony between humanity and nature. This is a fundamental program of action, and a lofty goal for the two sides. It has charted the course for China-Africa cooperation in the new era.
——責任共擔，是加強在涉及彼此核心利益和重大關切問題上的相互理解和支持，密切在重大國際和地區(qū)問題上的協(xié)作配合，維護中非和廣大發(fā)展中國家共同利益。
– In assuming joint responsibility, the two sides will reinforce mutual understanding and support on issues involving each other’s core interests and major concerns, and boost coordination on major international and regional issues. These efforts will enable the two sides to uphold the common interests of China and Africa as well as other developing countries.
——合作共贏，是抓住中非發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略對接的機遇，用好共建“一帶一路”帶來的重大機遇，開拓新的合作空間，發(fā)掘新的合作潛力。
– In pursuing win-win cooperation, China and Africa will seize the opportunity created by the complementarity between their respective development strategies and the major opportunities presented by the Belt and Road Initiative. This will allow them to expand areas of cooperation and unlock new cooperation potential.
——幸福共享，是把增進民生福祉作為發(fā)展中非關系的出發(fā)點和落腳點。中非合作要給中非人民帶來看得見、摸得著的成果和實惠。
– In delivering happiness for all and growing China-Africa relations, the clear goal of the two sides is to make people’s lives better. The cooperation between the two sides must deliver real benefit to the people in both China and African countries.
——文化共興，是促進中非文明交流互鑒、交融共存，拉緊中非人民的情感紐帶，為彼此文明復興、文化進步、文藝繁榮提供持久助力，為中非合作提供更深厚的精神滋養(yǎng)。
– In pursuing cultural prosperity, China and Africa will work to strengthen the bond between their peoples by increasing exchanges, mutual learning and harmonious co-existence between the civilizations of the two sides, invigorating their civilizations and cultures, enriching their artistic creations, and providing richer cultural nourishment.
——安全共筑，是為促進非洲和平穩(wěn)定發(fā)揮建設性作用，支持非洲國家提升自主維穩(wěn)維和能力。中國堅定支持非洲國家和非洲聯(lián)盟等地區(qū)組織以非洲方式解決非洲問題。
– In seeking common security, China is ready to play a constructive role, and will support African countries in strengthening their independent capacity for safeguarding stability and peace. China firmly supports African countries and the African Union (AU), as well as other regional organizations in Africa, in their efforts to solve African issues in African ways.
——和諧共生，是加強在應對氣候變化、應用清潔能源、防控荒漠化和水土流失、保護野生動植物等生態(tài)環(huán)保領域交流合作，讓中國和非洲都成為人與自然和睦相處的美好家園。
– In promoting harmony between humanity and nature, China will strengthen exchanges and cooperation with Africa on climate change, clean energy, prevention and control of desertification and soil erosion, protection of wildlife, and other areas of ecological and environmental sensitivity. Through their combined efforts, the two sides will make China and Africa beautiful places for people to live in harmony with nature.
中非合作好不好，中非人民最有發(fā)言權(quán)。中國對非合作的出發(fā)點永遠是中非雙方人民的根本利益，永遠不會將遏制他國作為自身對非政策的出發(fā)點。
Ultimately, it is for the Chinese and African people to judge the results of China-Africa cooperation. China’s aim in developing cooperation with Africa will always be to promote the fundamental interests of the Chinese and African people. It will never make containment of any third country an aim of its policy in Africa.
4
為世界發(fā)展與合作樹立典范
An Exemplary Model for World Development and Cooperation
中非合作興，則南南合作興。中非雙方發(fā)展好，世界會更好。新時代的中非合作是中非雙方實現(xiàn)共同發(fā)展的必由之路，將為構(gòu)建更加緊密的中非命運共同體奠定更加堅實的物質(zhì)基礎，也將為促進發(fā)展中國家群體性崛起、推動國際力量對比向更加均衡的方向發(fā)展注入強勁動力。
When China-Africa cooperation thrives, South-South cooperation will flourish. When China and Africa are fully developed, the world will be a better place. Cooperation in the new era is the sure way for China and Africa to realize common development. It will lay more solid foundations for building an even stronger China-Africa community of shared future, and build up strong momentum for the rise of developing countries as a whole, and for more balanced international relations.
當前，百年變局和世紀疫情交織共振，多邊主義和單邊主義激烈博弈，全球治理體系正經(jīng)歷前所未有的深刻調(diào)整。中國始終認為，非洲是國際合作的大舞臺，不是大國博弈的競技場。中非合作從來不是清談館，在給中非人民帶來實實在在好處的同時，中非合作也為國際對非合作創(chuàng)造了更加有利的條件。面向新時代，中國人民同非洲人民團結(jié)合作，將為增進全人類福祉，推動構(gòu)建新型國際關系、推動構(gòu)建人類命運共同體樹立榜樣。
Under the combined impact of the pandemic, a scale of change unseen in a century, and a sharp conflict between multilateralism and unilateralism, the global governance system is facing profound and unprecedented challenges. China sees Africa as a broad stage for international cooperation rather than an arena for competition among major countries. China-Africa cooperation has never been a case of talk and no action. It is a case of bringing tangible benefits to people in China and Africa, and creating more favorable conditions for others in the international community to conduct cooperation with Africa. In the new era, through solidarity and cooperation, the peoples of China and Africa will set an example in increasing the wellbeing of humanity, creating a new type of international relations, and building a global community of shared future.
二、不斷拓展新時代中非各領域合作
II.All-Round China-Africa Cooperation in the New Era
中非雙方高度信任，中非友誼堅如磐石。中國致力于不斷鞏固中非政治互信，深化各領域務實合作，為非洲和平與發(fā)展提供力所能及的幫助，中國對非合作一直走在國際對非合作的前列。經(jīng)過幾十年辛勤澆灌，中非合作枝繁葉茂，成長為參天大樹，任何力量都無法撼動。當前，中非關系處于歷史最好時期，中非合作成果遍布非洲大地，改善了非洲經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展條件，給雙方人民帶來了實實在在的好處。
China and Africa trust each other and China-Africa friendship is rock-solid. China is committed to consolidating China-Africa political mutual trust, expanding pragmatic cooperation with Africa in various areas, and extending its help to boost peace and development in the continent. China has always been on the forefront of international cooperation with Africa. After years of dedicated efforts, the tree of China-Africa cooperation has flourished – it is tall and strong, and cannot be shaken by any force. China-Africa friendship is in its prime. The fruitful results of China-Africa cooperation can be seen across the continent. It has improved the conditions for economic and social development in Africa and brought tangible benefits to people in both China and Africa.
1
政治互信持續(xù)深化
Mutual Political Trust
新中國成立以來，無論國際風云如何變幻，中國和非洲國家始終是風雨同舟的好朋友、休戚與共的好伙伴、肝膽相照的好兄弟。2006年中非合作論壇北京峰會確立中非新型戰(zhàn)略伙伴關系。2015年中非合作論壇約翰內(nèi)斯堡峰會確立中非全面戰(zhàn)略合作伙伴關系。2018年中非合作論壇北京峰會確定構(gòu)建更加緊密的中非命運共同體，推動中非關系進入歷史最好時期。
Since the founding of the PRC in 1949, China and African countries have always been good friends who stand together through prosperity and adversity, good partners who share weal and woe, and good comrades who fully trust each other in a shifting international landscape. In 2006, the FOCAC Beijing Summit decided to establish a new type of China-Africa strategic partnership. In 2015, the FOCAC Johannesburg Summit decided to build a China-Africa comprehensive strategic and cooperative partnership. In the 2018 FOCAC Beijing Summit, the two sides agreed to build an even stronger China-Africa community of shared future, raising China-Africa relations to a new level.
高層交往對中非關系發(fā)展發(fā)揮著重要引領作用，雙方領導人就雙邊關系和共同關心的重大問題加強溝通協(xié)調(diào)，為鞏固傳統(tǒng)友誼、增強政治互信，維護共同利益、共謀發(fā)展合作提供了有力政治保障。2013年3月，習近平主席就任國家主席后首次出訪就遠赴非洲，至今已四次訪非，足跡遍及非洲東西南北中。2018年中非合作論壇北京峰會期間，習近平主席同與會的50余位非洲國家領導人逐一會面，敘友情、商合作、話未來，并出席近70場雙多邊活動。2018年中非合作論壇北京峰會后，17位非洲領導人先后來華訪問或出席會議。新冠肺炎疫情發(fā)生后，雙方領導人通過視頻、通話等形式保持交往和溝通。2020年6月，習近平主席以視頻形式主持召開中非團結(jié)抗疫特別峰會，13位非洲領導人和非盟委員會主席出席。疫情以來，習近平主席先后同非洲各國元首通話17次，保持了中非高層交往的密度和熱度。習近平主席對非洲朋友真誠友好、平等相待，與非洲領導人建立深厚的友誼和信任，以元首外交引領了中非關系行穩(wěn)致遠。
High-level exchanges play an important role in developing China-Africa relations. State leaders of the two sides value communication and coordination on bilateral relations and major issues of common interest. Their exchanges have laid solid political groundwork for consolidating traditional friendship, increasing mutual political trust, safeguarding common interests, and pursuing development and cooperation. In March 2013, President Xi Jinping visited Africa, his first official overseas visit after assuming the office of president. To date he has made four visits to different locations across the continent.During the 2018 FOCAC Beijing Summit, President Xi had one-on-one meetings with more than 50 African leaders, renewing friendships, exploring cooperation, and discussing the future. He also attended close to 70 bilateral and multilateral events.
After the FOCAC Beijing Summit in 2018, 17 African leaders came to China for state visits or meetings. Following the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, state leaders of the two sides have maintained contacts and communication via video and phone calls. In June 2020, President Xi Jinping presided over the Extraordinary China-Africa Summit on Solidarity Against Covid-19 via video link. Thirteen African leaders and chairperson of the AU Commission attended the summit. Since the pandemic struck, President Xi has talked by phone with African state leaders on 17 occasions, maintaining close high-level contacts and exchanges with his African counterparts. President Xi has always treated African friends as equals, and fostered solid friendships and profound trust with African leaders. This head-of-state diplomacy has guided China-Africa relations to steady and sustained prosperity.
中非雙方不斷豐富和完善政府間對話、磋商及合作機制，充分發(fā)揮統(tǒng)籌協(xié)調(diào)作用，促進中非各領域合作全方位發(fā)展。中國同非洲9國建立全面戰(zhàn)略合作伙伴關系，同3國建立全面戰(zhàn)略伙伴關系，同6國建立戰(zhàn)略伙伴關系，同7國建立全面合作伙伴關系。中國已同21個非洲國家和非盟委員會建立雙邊委員會、外交磋商或戰(zhàn)略對話機制，同51個非洲國家建立經(jīng)貿(mào)聯(lián)（混）合委員會機制。2016年，中國同非盟建立人權(quán)磋商機制。2017年，中國同南非建立中非間首個政府間高級別人文交流機制。中非地方合作迸發(fā)活力，2012年以來，中非雙方已舉辦4屆中非地方政府合作論壇。截至目前，中非雙方共締結(jié)160對友好省市，其中2013年以來新增友好省市48對。
China and Africa consistently work to diversify and improve intergovernmental dialogue, consultation and cooperation mechanisms. They make the most of the coordinating role of the mechanism to promote all-round development of China-Africa cooperation in various areas. China has established a comprehensive strategic and cooperative partnership with nine African countries, a comprehensive strategic partnership with three, a strategic partnership with six, and a comprehensive cooperative partnership with seven. China has set up bi-national commissions and diplomatic consultation or strategic dialogue mechanisms with 21 African countries and the AU Commission, and joint (mixed) committees on trade and economic cooperation with 51 African countries. In 2016, China and the AU established a consultation mechanism on human rights. In 2017, China established the High-Level People-to-People Exchange Mechanism with South Africa, the first of its kind between China and an African country. China-Africa cooperation at the local level is flourishing. The two sides have held four cooperation forums between local governments since 2012. There are currently 160 pairings of sister provinces/cities between China and African countries, 48 of which have been established since 2013.
中國和非洲國家密切開展政黨、立法和協(xié)商機構(gòu)交往，構(gòu)建多層次、多渠道、多形式、全方位的友好合作。中國共產(chǎn)黨在獨立自主、完全平等、相互尊重、互不干涉內(nèi)部事務的原則基礎上，不斷密切同非洲國家政黨交流與合作，構(gòu)建求同存異、相互尊重、互學互鑒的新型政黨關系。雙方從立法和監(jiān)督方面發(fā)揮積極影響，為中非合作和交往提供政策支持和保障。全國人大與埃及、南非、肯尼亞議會建立定期交流機制，與35個非洲國家議會建有雙邊友好小組。全國政協(xié)及所屬機構(gòu)已同39個非洲國家的59個機構(gòu)開展交往。2019年6月，全國政協(xié)成立中非友好小組，是全國政協(xié)歷史上第一個對外友好小組。
China and African countries conduct close exchanges between political parties, legislative bodies and consultative bodies, building multi-level, multi-channel, multi-form and multi-dimensional friendly cooperation. The Communist Party of China expands exchanges and cooperation with political parties in African countries based on the principles of independence, equality, mutual respect and non-interference in each other’s internal affairs. It is committed to building a new type of relations between political parties in which different political parties seek common ground while setting aside differences, and they respect and learn from each other. The two sides make full use of the positive role of legislation and supervision to provide policy support for bilateral cooperation and exchanges. The National People’s Congress of China has established mechanisms for regular exchanges with parliaments in Egypt, South Africa and Kenya, and bilateral friendship groups with parliaments in 35 African countries. The National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and its subsidiary organs maintain contacts with 59 institutions in 39 African countries. In June 2019, the CPPCC National Committee established the China-Africa Friendship Group, the first of its kind in the history of the CPPCC.
近年來，更多非洲國家加入中非友好大家庭，中國分別同岡比亞（2016年3月17日）、圣多美和普林西比（2016年12月26日）、布基納法索（2018年5月26日）恢復大使級外交關系。目前，中國已經(jīng)同除斯威士蘭以外的其他53個非洲國家建立外交關系。
Over the past years, more African countries have joined the extended family of China-Africa friendship. China restored ambassadorial-level diplomatic relations with The Gambia on March 17, 2016, with Sao Tome and Principe on December 26, 2016, and with Burkina Faso on May 26, 2018. China now has diplomatic relations with 53 African countries, with the sole exception of Eswatini.
中國積極發(fā)展同非盟及非洲次區(qū)域組織合作。2012年1月，中國援建的非盟會議中心項目建成并投入使用，這是繼坦贊鐵路之后中國在非最大援助項目。2014年中國設立駐非盟使團，標志中國與非盟關系發(fā)展進入新階段。中國重視并堅定支持非盟在推進非洲聯(lián)合自強和一體化進程中發(fā)揮領導作用、在維護非洲和平安全中發(fā)揮主導作用、在地區(qū)和國際事務中發(fā)揮更大作用，支持非盟通過《2063議程》及實施第一個十年規(guī)劃。
China has been active in developing cooperation with the AU and African sub-regional organizations. The AU Conference Center, which was built with Chinese assistance, was inaugurated in January 2012. It was the second-largest project in Africa to be built with China’s assistance after the Tanzania-Zambia Railway. In 2014, China sent a mission to the AU, marking a new stage of China-AU relations. China values the AU’s leading role in advancing African integration and building a stronger African continent through unity, and supports its dominant role in safeguarding peace and security in Africa. China also supports the AU in playing a bigger role in regional and international affairs, adopting Agenda 2063, and executing the First Ten-Year Implementation Plan.
中國以觀察員身份多次應邀出席西非國家經(jīng)濟共同體（西共體）、南部非洲發(fā)展共同體（南共體）、東非共同體（東共體）、東非政府間發(fā)展組織（伊加特）、中部非洲國家經(jīng)濟共同體（中共體）等次區(qū)域組織峰會等重要活動，并向西共體、南共體、東共體派駐大使。
In a capacity of observer, China has attended the summit of many African sub-regional organizations including the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), the Southern African Development Community (SADC), the East African Community (EAC), and the Intergovernmental Authority on Development and the Economic Community of Central African States. China has sent ambassadors to the ECOWAS, SADC and EAC.
2
經(jīng)濟合作迅速發(fā)展
Rapidly Expanding Economic Cooperation
中非經(jīng)貿(mào)合作加速發(fā)展，深度廣度不斷拓展。中非合作論壇約翰內(nèi)斯堡峰會和北京峰會分別宣布實施“十大合作計劃”和“八大行動”，將中非經(jīng)貿(mào)合作水平推向歷史新高。
China and Africa have seen economic and trade cooperation expanding rapidly in scale and extent. The 10 major cooperation plans and the eight major initiatives adopted at the 2015 FOCAC Johannesburg Summit and the 2018 FOCAC Beijing Summit raised China-Africa economic and trade cooperation to a new level.
——加大發(fā)展援助。中國在實現(xiàn)自身發(fā)展的進程中，始終關注和支持非洲國家改善民生、謀求發(fā)展的事業(yè)。進入新時代，中國在力所能及的基礎上不斷加大對非援助。2013年至2018年中國對外援助金額為2702億元人民幣，其中對非洲國家的援助占比44.65%，包括無償援助、無息貸款和優(yōu)惠貸款。2000年至2020年，建成的公路鐵路超過13000公里，建設了80多個大型電力設施，援建了130多個醫(yī)療設施、45個體育館、170多所學校，為非洲培訓各領域人才共計16萬余名，打造了非盟會議中心等一系列中非合作“金字招牌”，涉及經(jīng)濟社會生活的方方面面，受到非洲國家政府和人民的廣泛歡迎和支持。中國已宣布免除與中國有外交關系的非洲最不發(fā)達國家、重債窮國、內(nèi)陸發(fā)展中國家、小島嶼發(fā)展中國家截至2018年底到期未償還政府間無息貸款。新冠肺炎疫情發(fā)生后，中國宣布免除15個非洲國家2020年底到期的無息貸款債務。
– Increasing development assistance. While pursuing its own growth, China supports African countries in seeking development and improving their people’s lives. In the new era, China has scaled up assistance to Africa. Foreign aid from 2013 to 2018 totaled RMB270 billion. Of this sum, 45 percent went to African countries in the form of grants, interest-free loans and concessional loans. From 2000 to 2020, China helped African countries build more than 13,000 km of roads and railway and more than 80 large-scale power facilities, and funded over 130 medical facilities, 45 sports venues and over 170 schools. It also trained more than 160,000 personnel for Africa, and built a series of flagship projects including the AU Conference Center. China’s assistance extended to various aspects of the economy, society and people’s lives, and was widely welcomed and supported by governments in Africa and the people. China has announced an exemption from debt incurred in the form of interest-free Chinese government loans due to mature by the end of 2018. It will apply to Africa’s least developed countries, heavily indebted and poor countries, landlocked developing countries and small island developing countries that have diplomatic relations with China. During the Covid-19 pandemic, China cancelled the outstanding debts of 15 African countries in the form of interest-free loans that matured at the end of 2020.
——加速貿(mào)易發(fā)展。中國自2009年起連續(xù)12年穩(wěn)居非洲第一大貿(mào)易伙伴國地位，中非貿(mào)易額占非洲整體外貿(mào)總額比重連年上升，2020年超過21%。中非貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)持續(xù)優(yōu)化，中國對非出口技術(shù)含量顯著提高，機電產(chǎn)品、高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品對非出口額占比超過50%。中國主動擴大自非洲非資源類產(chǎn)品進口，對非洲33個最不發(fā)達國家97%稅目輸華產(chǎn)品提供零關稅待遇，幫助更多非洲農(nóng)業(yè)、制造業(yè)產(chǎn)品進入中國市場。據(jù)統(tǒng)計，2017年以來中國從非洲服務進口年均增長20%，每年為非洲創(chuàng)造近40萬個就業(yè)崗位。近年來，中國自非農(nóng)產(chǎn)品進口持續(xù)增長，已成為非洲第二大農(nóng)產(chǎn)品出口目的國。中非電子商務等貿(mào)易新業(yè)態(tài)蓬勃發(fā)展，“絲路電商”合作不斷推進，中國已與盧旺達建立電子商務合作機制，中國企業(yè)積極投資海外倉建設，非洲優(yōu)質(zhì)特色產(chǎn)品通過電子商務直接對接中國市場。中國－毛里求斯自貿(mào)協(xié)定于2021年1月1日正式生效，成為中非間首個自貿(mào)協(xié)定，為中非經(jīng)貿(mào)合作注入新動力。
– Booming trade relations. China has been Africa’s largest trading partner for the 12 years since 2009. The proportion of Africa’s trade with China in the continent’s total external trade has continued to rise. In 2020, the figure exceeded 21 percent. The structure of China-Africa trade is improving. There has been a marked increase in technology in China’s exports to Africa, with the export of mechanical and electrical products and high-tech products now accounting for more than 50 percent of the total. China has increased its imports of non-resource products from Africa, and offered zero-tariff treatment to 97 percent of taxable items exported to China by the 33 least-developed countries in Africa, with the goal of helping more African agricultural and manufactured goods gain access to the Chinese market. China’s imports in services from Africa have been growing at an average annual rate of 20 percent since 2017, creating close to 400,000 jobs for the continent every year. In recent years, China’s imports of agricultural products from Africa have also risen, and China has emerged as the second largest destination for Africa’s agricultural exports. China and Africa have seen booming trade in new business models including cross-border e-commerce. Cooperation under the Silk Road E-commerce initiative has advanced. China has built a mechanism for e-commerce cooperation with Rwanda, and Chinese businesses have been active in investing in overseas order fulfillment centers. High-quality and special products from Africa are now directly available to the Chinese market via e-commerce platforms. The China-Mauritius free trade agreement (FTA), which became effective on January 1 2021, was the first FTA between China and an African country. It has injected new vitality into China-Africa economic and trade cooperation.
——促進投融資合作。投融資合作是近年來中非合作最大亮點之一，為非洲經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展注入“血液”。結(jié)合非洲需要和中國優(yōu)勢，中國鼓勵和支持中國企業(yè)擴大和優(yōu)化對非投資，為符合條件的項目提供融資及出口信用保險支持。在中國政府、金融機構(gòu)和各類企業(yè)合力推動下，中國對非投資呈現(xiàn)良好發(fā)展態(tài)勢，廣泛涉及礦業(yè)開采、加工冶煉、裝備制造、農(nóng)業(yè)開發(fā)、家電生產(chǎn)、航空服務、醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生、數(shù)字經(jīng)濟等產(chǎn)業(yè)，幫助非方提升了有關產(chǎn)業(yè)工業(yè)化水平、產(chǎn)業(yè)配套和出口創(chuàng)匯能力。
– Promoting cooperation in investment and financing. Cooperation in investment and financing has been one of the success stories of China-Africa cooperation in recent years, bringing new vitality into Africa’s economic and social development. Combining Africa’s needs and China’s strengths, China encourages its companies to increase and optimize investment in Africa, providing support in financing and export credit insurance for eligible projects. Thanks to the combined efforts of the Chinese government, financial institutions, and enterprises, China’s investment in Africa has built up sound momentum. It covers a wide range of fields including mining, processing and smelting of ores, equipment manufacturing, agriculture, home appliance production, aviation services, medicine and health, and the digital economy. With this help, African countries have been able to upgrade their industrialization, improve their industries, and increase their capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports.
截至2020年底，中國企業(yè)累計對非直接投資超過430億美元。中國在非洲設立各類企業(yè)超過3500家，民營企業(yè)逐漸成為對非投資的主力，聘用非洲本地員工比例超80%，直接和間接創(chuàng)造了數(shù)百萬個就業(yè)機會。
By the end of 2020, direct investment of Chinese companies in Africa had surpassed $43 billion. China has established over 3,500 companies of various types across the continent. Private companies have gradually become the main investment force in Africa; more than 80 percent of their employees are locals, and they have directly and indirectly created millions of jobs.
——助力非洲農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展。中國積極同非洲分享農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展經(jīng)驗技術(shù)，支持非洲國家提高農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和加工水平，推動農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈建設和貿(mào)易發(fā)展。2012年以來，在華培訓非洲農(nóng)業(yè)學員7456人次；通過實施援非百名農(nóng)業(yè)專家、援非農(nóng)業(yè)專家組等項目，培訓非洲當?shù)?萬余人次，建成23個農(nóng)業(yè)示范中心。截至目前，中國與23個非洲國家及地區(qū)組織建立農(nóng)業(yè)合作機制，簽署了雙多邊農(nóng)業(yè)合作文件72項。2012年以來，中國與20個非洲國家及地區(qū)組織簽署農(nóng)業(yè)合作文件31項。2019年中非舉辦首屆中非農(nóng)業(yè)合作論壇，成立中國－非盟農(nóng)業(yè)合作委員會，啟動中非農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化合作規(guī)劃和行動計劃編制工作。截至2020年底，中國在非農(nóng)業(yè)投資企業(yè)超200家，涉及非洲國家共35個，投資存量11.1億美元，投資范圍涵蓋種植、養(yǎng)殖和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工等各產(chǎn)業(yè)，超過350余種非洲農(nóng)產(chǎn)品食品可開展對華貿(mào)易，中非農(nóng)業(yè)貿(mào)易穩(wěn)步增長。
– Facilitating agricultural development in Africa. China has always been willing to share agricultural development experience and technology with Africa, to support African countries in improving agricultural production and processing, and to help them in building their agricultural value chains and trade. Since 2012, 7,456 African trainees have received agricultural training in China. Through projects such as sending Chinese agricultural experts to Africa, more than 50,000 Africans have been trained and 23 agricultural demonstration centers have been built. To date, China has established agricultural cooperation mechanisms with 23 African countries and regional organizations, and signed 72 bilateral and multilateral agricultural cooperation agreements. Since 2012, China has signed 31 agricultural cooperation agreements with 20 African countries and regional organizations. In 2019, the First China-Africa Agriculture Cooperation Forum was held, which announced the establishment of the China-AU Agriculture Cooperation Commission and the formulation of a program of action to promote China-Africa cooperation in agricultural modernization. By the end of 2020, more than 200 Chinese companies had an investment stock of $1.11 billion in agricultural sector in 35 African countries. Their investments cover areas such as planting, breeding and processing. More than 350 types of African agricultural products can be traded with China. All this ensures steady growth in China-Africa agricultural trade.
——助力非洲工業(yè)化。工業(yè)化是非洲實現(xiàn)包容性和持續(xù)性發(fā)展的前提，是創(chuàng)造就業(yè)、消除貧困、提高生活水平的關鍵。中國支持非洲國家根據(jù)自身國情和發(fā)展需求，改善投資軟硬環(huán)境，以產(chǎn)業(yè)對接和產(chǎn)能合作為龍頭，助力非洲工業(yè)化和經(jīng)濟多元化進程。截至目前，中國與15個非洲國家建立產(chǎn)能合作機制。中國與非洲國家合作建設經(jīng)貿(mào)合作區(qū)、經(jīng)濟特區(qū)、工業(yè)園區(qū)、科技園區(qū)，吸引中國等各國企業(yè)赴非投資，建立生產(chǎn)和加工基地并開展本土化經(jīng)營，增加當?shù)鼐蜆I(yè)和稅收，促進產(chǎn)業(yè)升級和技術(shù)合作。中非產(chǎn)能合作基金圍繞非洲“三網(wǎng)一化”（高速鐵路網(wǎng)、高速公路網(wǎng)、區(qū)域航空網(wǎng)和工業(yè)化）建設戰(zhàn)略開發(fā)業(yè)務，截至2021年3月，累計投資21個項目，涉及能源、資源、制造業(yè)等多個領域，有力帶動非洲國家產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。數(shù)十家中資企業(yè)與非洲企業(yè)合作建設光伏電站，累計裝機容量超過1.5吉瓦（GW），填補非洲光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈空白，有效緩解當?shù)赜秒娋o缺問題并促進低碳減排。
– Contributing to industrialization in Africa. Industrialization is a prerequisite for the continent to achieve inclusive and sustainable development, and is also the key to creating jobs, eradicating poverty, and improving living standards. China supports African countries in improving their “soft” and “hard” environment for investment in accordance with their national conditions and development needs. Taking industrial alignment and capacity cooperation as the engine, China helps advance the process of Africa’s industrialization and economic diversification. To date, China has established industrial capacity cooperation mechanisms with 15 countries in Africa. China and African countries have worked together to build economic and trade cooperation zones, special economic zones, industrial parks and science parks, attracting enterprises from China and other countries to invest in Africa. They have built production and processing bases and localized their operations in Africa, contributing to an increase in local employment and tax revenues, and promoting industrial upgrading and technical cooperation. The China-Africa Fund for Production Capacity Cooperation has focused on the construction of highways, railways, and aviation networks, and industrialization in Africa. As of March 2021, investments had been made in 21 projects, covering energy, resources and manufacturing and boosting industrial development in recipient countries. Dozens of Chinese-funded enterprises have cooperated with African counterparts to build photovoltaic power stations, with a cumulative installed capacity exceeding 1.5 GW, which has helped create photovoltaic industry chains from scratch in Africa, while effectively alleviating power shortages and reducing carbon emissions.
——深化基礎設施合作。中國支持非洲將基礎設施建設作為經(jīng)濟振興的優(yōu)先發(fā)展方向，鼓勵和支持中國企業(yè)采取多種模式參與非洲基礎設施建設、投資、運營和管理。2016年至2020年，非洲開工建設的基礎設施項目總額近2000億美元，2020年中國企業(yè)實施的項目比已達31.4%。中非合作論壇成立以來，中國企業(yè)利用各類資金幫助非洲國家新增和升級鐵路超過1萬公里、公路近10萬公里、橋梁近千座、港口近百個、輸變電線路6.6萬公里、電力裝機容量1.2億千瓦、通訊骨干網(wǎng)15萬公里，網(wǎng)絡服務覆蓋近7億用戶終端。中國企業(yè)承建和運營的肯尼亞蒙內(nèi)鐵路是該國百年來第一條現(xiàn)代化鐵路，全部采用中國標準、中國技術(shù)、中國裝備，被譽為新時期中非“友誼之路”“合作之路”“共贏之路”，累計運送旅客541.5萬人次、發(fā)送集裝箱130.8萬個標準箱，對肯經(jīng)濟增長貢獻率達到1.5%，累計直接和間接創(chuàng)造就業(yè)4.6萬個。中國引導企業(yè)采用BOT（建設—經(jīng)營—轉(zhuǎn)讓方式）、BOO（建設—擁有—經(jīng)營方式）、PPP（政府與社會資本合作）等多種模式，推動中非基礎設施合作向投資建設運營一體化模式轉(zhuǎn)型，促進基礎設施項目可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
– Expanding cooperation in infrastructure. China supports Africa in making infrastructure development a priority for economic revitalization. It encourages and supports Chinese enterprises to adopt various models to participate in the construction, investment, operation and management of infrastructure projects in Africa. From 2016 to 2020, total investment in infrastructure projects in Africa reached almost $200 billion. Projects implemented by Chinese companies accounted for 31.4 percent of all infrastructure projects on the African continent in 2020. Since the founding of FOCAC, Chinese companies have utilized various funds to help African countries build and upgrade more than 10,000 km of railways, nearly 100,000 km of highways, nearly 1,000 bridges and 100 ports, and 66,000 km of power transmission and distribution. They have also helped build an installed power-generating capacity of 120 million kW, a communications backbone network of 150,000 km and a network service covering nearly 700 million user terminals. Built and operated by Chinese companies, the Mombasa-Nairobi Railway was the first modern railway to be built in Kenya in 100 years. Applying Chinese standards, technologies and equipment, the project has won praise as a road of friendship and cooperation, and a path towards win-win development between China and Africa in the new era. The railway has carried 5.4 million passengers and 1.3 million standard containers. It has contributed 1.5 percent to Kenya’s economic growth, and created 46,000 direct and indirect jobs. China has guided its enterprises to explore multiple forms of cooperation, such as BOT (build-operate-transfer), BOO (build-own-operate) and PPP (public-private partnership). Such efforts aim to transform China-Africa infrastructure cooperation to a wholly integrated model covering investment, construction and operation, and push forward the sustainable development of infrastructure projects.
——加強金融合作。中非金融機構(gòu)積極開發(fā)對方市場，雙方央行積極擴大本幣結(jié)算和互換安排，推動中非金融便利化水平穩(wěn)步提高。截至2021年10月，人民幣跨境支付系統(tǒng)（CIPS）有42家非洲地區(qū)間接參與者，覆蓋19個非洲國家。中國央行先后與南非、摩洛哥、埃及和尼日利亞央行簽署了本幣互換協(xié)議，金額總計730億元人民幣。中國已同埃及、南非、尼日利亞等7個非洲國家簽署了金融監(jiān)管合作諒解備忘錄，為雙方金融合作行穩(wěn)致遠打牢基礎。中國加入非洲開發(fā)銀行、東南非貿(mào)易與開發(fā)銀行和西非開發(fā)銀行等多邊開發(fā)金融機構(gòu)。中國已累計向非洲開發(fā)銀行下的非洲開發(fā)基金承諾捐資9.96億美元。
– Strengthening financial cooperation. Financial institutions from both sides have been exploring each other’s markets. Their central banks have expanded the scale of local currency settlement and currency swap, leading to a steady improvement in China-Africa financial facilitation. As of October 2021, the Cross-Border Interbank Payment System (CIPS) had 42 indirect participants in Africa, covering 19 African countries. The People’s Bank of China (PBOC), China’s central bank, has signed successive currency swap agreements with the central banks of South Africa, Morocco, Egypt and Nigeria, to a total amount of RMB73 billion. China has signed a memorandum of understanding on cooperation in financial supervision with seven African countries including Egypt, South Africa and Nigeria, laying a solid foundation for steady and long-term bilateral financial cooperation. China has joined the African Development Bank (AfDB), the Eastern and Southern African Trade and Development Bank, the West African Development Bank and other multilateral development financial institutions. It has pledged to contribute a total of $996 million to the African Development Fund under the AfDB.
——拓展數(shù)字經(jīng)濟合作。中國積極幫助非洲國家消除“數(shù)字鴻溝”，中非“數(shù)字經(jīng)濟”合作發(fā)展迅速，從數(shù)字基礎設施建設到社會數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型，物聯(lián)網(wǎng)、移動金融等新技術(shù)應用，全領域合作成果豐碩。中國企業(yè)參與了多條連接非洲和歐、亞、美洲大陸海纜工程；與非洲主流運營商合作基本實現(xiàn)非洲電信服務全覆蓋；建設了非洲一半以上無線站點及高速移動寬帶網(wǎng)絡，累計鋪設超過20萬公里光纖，幫助600萬家庭實現(xiàn)寬帶上網(wǎng)，服務超過9億非洲人民。截至目前，超過15個非洲國家的17個城市、1500多家企業(yè)選擇中國企業(yè)作為數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型伙伴，29個國家選擇中國企業(yè)提供的智慧政務服務方案；中非共同在南非建立了服務整個非洲區(qū)域的公有“云”，以及非洲首個5G獨立組網(wǎng)商用網(wǎng)絡。中非電子商務合作層次和內(nèi)涵不斷豐富，“絲路電商”云上大講堂有效提升伙伴國中小微企業(yè)數(shù)字素養(yǎng)，“雙品網(wǎng)購節(jié)”絲路電商專場、“非洲產(chǎn)品電商推廣季”等活動助力非洲優(yōu)質(zhì)產(chǎn)品進入中國市場，中國企業(yè)積極參與非洲電子支付、智慧物流等公共服務平臺建設，在互聯(lián)互通中實現(xiàn)合作共贏。2021年8月，中非互聯(lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展與合作論壇成功舉辦，中國宣布愿同非洲共同制定和實施“中非數(shù)字創(chuàng)新伙伴計劃”。
– Expanding cooperation in the digital economy. China is helping African countries to eliminate the digital divide. Rapid development and fruitful results have been achieved in this field – building digital infrastructure, transition towards a digital society, and the application of new technologies such as the Internet of Things and mobile finance. Chinese companies have participated in a number of submarine cable projects connecting Africa and Europe, Asia, and the Americas. They have cooperated with major African operators in achieving full basic coverage of telecommunications services in Africa. They have built more than half of the continent’s wireless sites and high-speed mobile broadband networks. In total, more than 200,000 km of optical fiber has been laid, giving broadband Internet access to 6 million households, and serving more than 900 million local people. To date, more than 1,500 companies in 17 cities in 15 African countries have selected Chinese corporate partners on their digital transformation path. Twenty-nine countries have selected smart government service solutions provided by Chinese companies. China and Africa have jointly established a public cloud service in South Africa that covers the entire African region. The two sides also released the first 5G independent networking commercial network in the region. The level and content of China-Africa e-commerce cooperation continue to grow. The Silk Road E-Commerce Capacity Building Cloud Lectures have effectively improved the digital literacy of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises in partner countries. Promotion activities have been held to help high-quality products from Africa to access the Chinese market. Such activities include a government-initiated shopping festival that began in 2019, featuring Silk Road e-commerce, as well as the FOCAC African Products Online Promoting Season. Chinese companies actively participate in building platforms of public services in Africa such as electronic payment and smart logistics. All these efforts are designed to achieve win-win cooperation through promoting connectivity. At the China-Africa Internet Development and Cooperation Forum in August 2021, China announced its intention to formulate and implement a joint China-Africa Partnership Plan on Digital Innovation in Africa.
3
社會合作方興未艾
Growing Cooperation on Social Development
中國積極同非洲開展減貧、衛(wèi)生、教育、科技、環(huán)保、氣候變化、青年婦女交流等社會領域合作，通過加強交流、提供援助、分享社會發(fā)展經(jīng)驗，幫助非洲國家提高社會綜合發(fā)展水平，為非洲經(jīng)濟發(fā)展創(chuàng)造內(nèi)生動力。
China is promoting cooperation with Africa in social fields such as poverty reduction, health, education, science and technology, environmental protection, climate change and exchanges among young people and women. Through strengthening exchanges, providing assistance and sharing experience, China is helping African countries to improve their comprehensive social development, which then provides internal impetus for their economic growth.
——分享減貧經(jīng)驗。貧困是中非面臨的共同挑戰(zhàn)。消除貧困是聯(lián)合國2030年可持續(xù)發(fā)展議程的首要目標。中國成功走出了一條具有中國特色的減貧道路，使數(shù)億貧困人口擺脫貧困，為解決非洲貧困提供了借鑒。中國積極落實《中國和非洲聯(lián)盟加強中非減貧合作綱要》，通過“中非合作論壇－減貧與發(fā)展會議”“中非青年減貧和發(fā)展交流項目”等機制，鼓勵和支持中非地方政府、學術(shù)、企業(yè)、青年和非政府組織開展形式多樣的減貧經(jīng)驗交流與務實合作。自2010年以來，“中非合作論壇－減貧與發(fā)展會議”已在中國、埃塞俄比亞、南非、烏干達等國連續(xù)舉辦10屆，參會總?cè)藬?shù)接近1600人次。2005年至2021年，中國共舉辦160期減貧援外培訓班，為非洲53國培訓超過2700人次，占總參訓人數(shù)58.6%。
– Sharing experience in poverty reduction. Poverty is a common challenge facing China and Africa. Ending poverty is the primary goal of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. With hundreds of millions of poor people having worked their way out of poverty, China has created a successful path of poverty eradication with Chinese characteristics, which has served as a reference for addressing the problem in Africa. China has effectively implemented the Program for Strengthening China-Africa Cooperation on Poverty Reduction. With mechanisms like the FOCAC Africa-China Poverty Reduction and Development Conference, and the China-Africa Youth Exchange Program on Poverty Reduction and Development, China has supported local governments, academics, enterprises, and youth and non-governmental organizations in both China and Africa in carrying out various forms of exchange and pragmatic cooperation on poverty reduction. Since 2010, 10 FOCAC Africa-China Poverty Reduction and Development conferences have been held in countries such as China, Ethiopia, South Africa and Uganda, with nearly 1,600 participants in total. From 2005 to 2021, China organized 160 poverty reduction and foreign aid training programs. Some 2,700 people from 53 African countries participated in the training, accounting for almost 60 percent of the total number of trainees.
——加強衛(wèi)生健康領域合作。中國踐行人民至上、生命至上的理念，幫助非洲國家應對病疫，建設公共衛(wèi)生體系，以實際行動推動構(gòu)建中非衛(wèi)生健康共同體。向非洲國家派遣中國醫(yī)療隊是中非開展時間最長、涉及國家最多、成效最為顯著的合作項目之一。中國1963年向阿爾及利亞派出首支中國醫(yī)療隊，開創(chuàng)了新中國援非醫(yī)療的歷史。58年來，中國累計向非洲派出醫(yī)療隊員2.3萬人次，診治患者2.3億人次。目前在非洲45國派有醫(yī)療隊員近千人，共98個工作點。中國醫(yī)療隊被非洲當?shù)厝俗u為“白衣使者”、“南南合作的典范”和“最受歡迎的人”。在非實施34次“光明行”義診活動，幫助近萬名非洲白內(nèi)障患者重見光明。中國重點幫助非洲國家加強?？漆t(yī)學建設，為非洲各國培訓各類醫(yī)務人才2萬人次。截至目前，中國已幫助18個非洲國家建立了20個專科中心，涉及心臟、重癥醫(yī)學、創(chuàng)傷、腔鏡等專業(yè)，同40個非洲國家45所非方醫(yī)院建立對口合作機制。中國支持非洲各國提高口岸衛(wèi)生檢疫能力，并向非洲疾控中心派出疾控專家提供技術(shù)支持。
– Enhancing medical and health cooperation. The Chinese government has always ranked people and lives above everything else. Through concrete actions, China has helped African countries respond to various epidemics and plagues and build a public health system, promoting a China-Africa community of health. One of the longest and most effective cooperation projects that involves the greatest number of African countries is the dispatch of Chinese medical teams. The first one, which was sent to Algeria in 1963, marked the first chapter in the story of China’s medical aid to Africa. Over the past 58 years, China has sent a total of 23,000 medical team members to Africa, who have treated 230 million patients. At present, there are nearly 1,000 Chinese medical workers in 45 African countries, working at 98 medical centers. They are hailed by the local Africans as the health messengers in white, models of South-South cooperation and most welcome guests. Chinese medical teams carried out 34 free clinical programs under the Brightness Action initiative, restoring the eyesight of almost 10,000 African cataract patients. China focuses on helping African countries strengthen medical specialties, training 20,000 African medical personnel. To date, it has helped 18 African countries establish 20 centers in different medical specialties, covering cardiology, critical care medicine, trauma and endoscopy. Paired cooperation mechanisms have been established between the Chinese side and 45 hospitals in 40 African countries. China supports African countries in improving their capacity in border health and quarantine inspection, and sends disease control experts to the Africa Center for Disease Control and Prevention to provide technical support.
——擴大教育和人力資源開發(fā)合作。中國大力支持非洲教育發(fā)展，根據(jù)非洲國家經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展需要，幫助非洲培養(yǎng)急需人才，通過設立多個獎學金專項，支持非洲優(yōu)秀青年來華學習。2012年起，中非雙方實施“中非高校20+20合作計劃”，搭建中非高校交流合作平臺。中國在聯(lián)合國教科文組織設立信托基金項目，累計已在非洲國家培訓1萬余名教師。2018年以來，中國在埃及、南非、吉布提、肯尼亞等非洲國家與當?shù)卦盒９步ā棒敯喙し弧?，同非洲分享中國?yōu)質(zhì)職業(yè)教育，為非洲培養(yǎng)適應經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展急需的高素質(zhì)技術(shù)技能人才。中國支持30余所非洲大學設立中文系或中文專業(yè)，配合16個非洲國家將中文納入國民教育體系，在非洲合作設立了61所孔子學院和48所孔子課堂。2004年以來，中國共向非洲48國派出中文教師和志愿者5500余人次。
– Expanding cooperation in education and human resources. China vigorously supports education in Africa. Based on the needs of African countries for economic and social development, it helps train much-needed professionals for African countries and encourages outstanding African youth to study in China through several scholarships. Starting from 2012, the two sides have implemented the 20+20 Cooperation Plan for Chinese and African Institutions of Higher Education as an exchange and cooperation platform among universities. China set up an educational trust fund under UNESCO to provide teacher training for more than 10,000 teachers in African countries. Since 2018, China has established Luban Workshops together with colleges and universities in countries including Egypt, South Africa, Djibouti and Kenya, sharing quality vocational education resources with Africa and training high-caliber technical personnel to meet the urgent needs of economic and social development on the continent.
China has helped more than 30 African universities set up Chinese language departments or Chinese language majors. In cooperation with China, 16 African countries have incorporated the Chinese language into their national education systems. The two sides have established 61 Confucius Institutes and 48 Confucius Classrooms in Africa. Since 2004, China has sent a total of 5,500 Chinese language teachers and volunteers to 48 African nations.
——加強科技合作與知識共享。中國積極同非洲加強科技創(chuàng)新戰(zhàn)略溝通與對接，分享科技發(fā)展經(jīng)驗與成果，推動雙方科技人才交流與培養(yǎng)、技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)移與創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)。中國與非洲國家建設了一批高水平聯(lián)合實驗室、創(chuàng)建了中非聯(lián)合研究中心、中非創(chuàng)新合作中心。近年來，中國通過實施“一帶一路”國際科學組織聯(lián)盟獎學金、中國政府獎學金、“國際杰青計劃”、“國際青年創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)計劃”等項目幫助非洲培養(yǎng)大量科技人才。空間和航天合作取得新突破，雙方利用中國遙感數(shù)據(jù)開展防災減災、射電天文、衛(wèi)星導航定位和精準農(nóng)業(yè)等領域合作，共同參與天文領域國際大科學工程“平方公里陣列射電望遠鏡”項目。中國在埃及援建衛(wèi)星總裝集成及測試中心項目。中國還分別為阿爾及利亞、蘇丹發(fā)射兩國首顆人造衛(wèi)星。
– Stepping up scientific and technological collaboration, and knowledge sharing. China actively strengthens communication and coordination with Africa in terms of technological innovation strategies. It shares experience and achievements, and promotes the exchange and training of professionals and technology transfer, as well as innovation and entrepreneurship on both sides. China and African countries have set up high-level joint laboratories, the China-Africa Joint Research Center, and an innovation cooperation center. In recent years, China has assisted Africa in cultivating a large number of scientific and technological talents through projects such as the Alliance of International Science Organizations in the Belt and Road Region Scholarship, Chinese government scholarships, the Talented Young Scientist Program, and the Innovative Talent Exchange Project. Breakthroughs have been made in space cooperation. Using China’s remote sensing data, the two parties carry out cooperation in the fields of disaster prevention and mitigation, radio astronomy, satellite navigation and positioning, and precision agriculture. They also participate together in the Square Kilometer Array Project. The complete satellite assembly integration and test center built by Egypt with China’s help has laid solid foundations for Egypt’s aerospace industry. China also assisted Algeria and Sudan to launch their first artificial satellites.
——深化生態(tài)保護和應對氣候變化合作。中非人民對優(yōu)美環(huán)境和美好生活有著共同的向往。中國和非洲一道，倡導綠色、低碳、循環(huán)、可持續(xù)的發(fā)展方式，保護人類的共同家園。2012年以來，中非共同舉辦了“中非綠色合作引導未來經(jīng)濟”研討會和“中非環(huán)境合作部長級對話會”，推動加強環(huán)境治理政策溝通協(xié)調(diào)。2020年啟動中非環(huán)境合作中心，搭建中非雙方以及相關國際組織、研究機構(gòu)、企業(yè)等多方參與的重要平臺。截至2021年9月，安哥拉、肯尼亞等7個非洲國家相關機構(gòu)已加入“一帶一路”綠色發(fā)展國際聯(lián)盟，為推進綠色絲綢之路建設作出積極貢獻。中方積極開展應對氣候變化南南合作，目前已和14個非洲國家簽署15份合作文件，通過實施減緩和適應氣候變化項目、共同建設低碳示范區(qū)、開展能力建設培訓等方式為非洲應對氣候變化提供支持。其中，中國向埃塞俄比亞援助的對地觀測遙感衛(wèi)星是中國同非洲合作的第一顆遙感衛(wèi)星。中非雙方通過開展環(huán)保法律、法規(guī)情報交流、執(zhí)法能力建設等合作，共同打擊走私瀕危野生動植物跨國有組織犯罪，在履行《生物多樣性公約》《瀕危野生動植物種國際貿(mào)易公約》等事務中加強溝通協(xié)調(diào)，共同促進全球野生動植物保護和可持續(xù)利用。
– Expanding collaboration in eco-environmental protection and jointly responding to climate change. The peoples of China and Africa share a common yearning for a beautiful environment and a better life. As a result, they work together to advocate green, low-carbon, recyclable and sustainable development and safeguard the common homeland of humanity. Since 2012, they have co-organized a seminar on green cooperation guiding the future economy and a ministerial conference on China-Africa environmental cooperation, promoting communication and coordination of environmental governance policies. The China-Africa Environmental Cooperation Center began operations in 2020 with the participation of China and African countries, as well as other international organizations, research institutions, and enterprises. As of September 2021, related institutions in seven African countries, including Angola and Kenya, have joined the International Coalition for Green Development on the Belt and Road, devised to contribute to the green development of the Belt and Road Initiative. China has carried out South-South cooperation on tackling climate change, and to date has signed 15 cooperation agreements with 14 African countries. Various approaches have been explored in support of Africa’s response to the issue, such as implementing mitigation and adaptation programs, jointly setting up pilot low-carbon industrial parks, and conducting training in capacity-building. For example, the Ethiopian Remote Sensing Satellite-1, or ETRSS-1, launched with Chinese help, is one of the fruits of China’s first remote sensing satellite cooperation with Africa. China and Africa crack down together on transnational organized crimes related to endangered wildlife trafficking, through intelligence sharing in environmental protection laws and regulations and helping each other to build capacity in law enforcement. While implementing the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, and dealing with other related affairs, China strengthens communication and coordination with African countries, in an endeavor to protect and ensure the sustainable exploitation of global wild fauna and flora.
4
人文合作日益擴大
People-to-People and Cultural Exchanges
國之交在于民相親。中非文化、媒體、科技、智庫和青年婦女交流全面深化，進一步促進中非民心相通，夯實了中非關系發(fā)展的基礎。
As an old Chinese saying goes, “State-to-state relations thrive when there is friendship between the peoples.” China and African countries have embraced further exchanges in culture, media, science and technology, and think tanks, and facilitated dialogues among youth and women. These efforts have promoted people-to-people bonds and laid solid foundations for further developments.
——拓展文化、旅游等交流與合作。中非雙方積極簽署雙邊政府文化協(xié)定執(zhí)行計劃，通過合作舉辦“國家年”“文化年”“歡樂春節(jié)”“中非文化聚焦”“意會中國”等品牌活動，進一步深化了文化交流與合作。截至2020年12月，中非簽署并落實了346個雙邊政府文化協(xié)定執(zhí)行計劃。2013年至2020年，中方組派藝術(shù)團赴非140國（次）舉辦演出。2013年以來，邀請非洲28國的藝術(shù)團來華演出。2016年以來，中方為非洲國家舉辦文化領域研修班上百個，非方參與人員累計近1500人。目前，中國在毛里求斯、貝寧、埃及、尼日利亞、坦桑尼亞、摩洛哥設有中國文化中心，已與突尼斯、肯尼亞、科特迪瓦、塞內(nèi)加爾、埃塞俄比亞、莫桑比克簽署互設文化中心或設立中國文化中心的政府文件。截至目前，中國與31個非洲國家簽署雙邊旅游合作文件，已將34個非洲國家列為中國公民組團出境旅游目的地，與22個非洲國家正式開展中國公民組團旅游業(yè)務。
– Expanding exchanges and cooperation in the cultural sector and tourism. The two sides continue to sign implementation plans for intergovernmental agreements on signature programs such as the Year of China, the Year of Culture, Happy Spring Festival, Chinese and African Cultures in Focus, and Insight on China, further enhancing cultural exchanges and cooperation. As of December 2020, 346 such implementation plans had been inked and carried out. From 2013 to 2020, Chinese art troupes made 140 visits to Africa to hold performances. Since 2013, art troupes from 28 African countries have been invited to perform in China. Since 2016, China has held hundreds of cultural seminars for African countries, with nearly 1,500 African participants in total. Chinese cultural centers have been set up in Mauritius, Benin, Egypt, Nigeria, Tanzania and Morocco. The Chinese Government has signed documents with counterparts in Tunisia, Kenya, C?te d’Ivoire, Senegal, Ethiopia and Mozambique on establishing Chinese cultural centers in these countries or their cultural centers in China. To date China has signed bilateral documents on cooperation in tourism with 31 African countries. It has listed 34 African countries as outbound group tour destinations for its citizens, and officially launched group tourism businesses for its people with 22 African countries.
——深化新聞傳媒與影視合作。中非就深化新聞合作、網(wǎng)絡空間管理、處理媒體關系不斷加強對話與交流，共同舉辦了中非媒體領袖峰會、中非媒體合作論壇等大型交流活動。30家非洲媒體加入“一帶一路”新聞合作聯(lián)盟，42個非洲國家參加“一帶一路”媒體合作論壇。中國支持非洲廣播電影電視產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展，積極落實“為非洲1萬個村落實施收看衛(wèi)星電視項目”，支持在非洲農(nóng)村和偏遠郊區(qū)開展“大篷車”等戶外放映活動，覆蓋12個非洲國家70多個村莊和地區(qū)。中非雙方鼓勵聯(lián)合開發(fā)制作、創(chuàng)作更多講述非洲故事、中非友好故事的作品。中國企業(yè)為1300萬非洲用戶提供11種語言、600多個頻道的節(jié)目資源；近年來，中國對約200部中國優(yōu)秀視聽作品進行面向非洲的多語種譯制，在10余個非洲國家舉辦中國電影展映展播活動，每年都有一定數(shù)量的非洲影片在中國電影節(jié)上展映。
– Working on closer cooperation in the press, the media, and film and television. China and Africa continue to strengthen dialogue and exchanges on furthering news cooperation, managing cyberspace, and handling media relations. To this end, exchange events have been held such as the China-Africa Media Summit and the Forum on China-Africa Media Cooperation. Thirty African media outlets have joined the Belt and Road News Alliance, and 42 African countries have participated in the Belt and Road Media Community Summit Forum. China supports the development of the African radio, film and television industries. This can be seen from the effort to provide satellite TV reception to 10,000 African villages, and to support outdoor screening activities – the Caravan program – in rural areas and remote suburbs, covering more than 70 villages and regions in 12 countries. China and Africa encourage joint development and production of more works that tell stories about Africa and China-Africa friendship. Chinese companies provide program resources in 11 languages on more than 600 channels for 13 million African users. In recent years, China has carried out multilingual translations of about 200 outstanding Chinese audiovisual works for Africa and held Chinese film screenings and exhibitions in more than 10 African countries. Each year, a number of African films are screened at Chinese film festivals as well.
——鼓勵學術(shù)與智庫合作。中非支持雙方學術(shù)研究機構(gòu)、智庫、高校開展課題研究、學術(shù)交流、著作出版等多種形式的合作，優(yōu)先支持開展治國理政、發(fā)展道路、產(chǎn)能合作、文化與法律等課題研究與成果分享，推動壯大中非學術(shù)研究力量。80余個中非智庫學術(shù)研究機構(gòu)參加“中非聯(lián)合研究交流計劃”。2012年，中非合作論壇第五屆部長級會議倡議實施“中非智庫10+10合作伙伴計劃”，建立“一對一”長期合作關系。2019年4月，中國非洲研究院在北京成立。
– Encouraging academic exchanges and cooperation among think tanks. China and Africa support various forms of cooperation among academic research institutions, think tanks and universities in carrying out subject research, academic exchanges and publication of works. Support is given to sharing research and achievements, especially on topics such as state governance, development paths, industrial capacity cooperation, culture, and law. Both sides have also been working on enhancing research strengths. More than 80 think tanks and academic research institutions have participated in the China-Africa Joint Research and Exchange Plan. The Fifth Ministerial Conference of FOCAC held in 2012 proposed to implement the China-Africa Think Tanks 10+10 Partnership Plan for long-term paired cooperation. In April 2019, China-Africa Institute was established in Beijing.
——增進民間交流。積極落實《中非民間交流合作倡議書》，鼓勵實施“中非民間友好行動”“絲路一家親”“中非民間友好伙伴計劃”等，支持中非工會、民間組織、非政府組織及社會團體深化交流。2011年以來雙方舉辦了6屆中非民間論壇，2012年以來舉辦了5屆中非青年領導人論壇、4屆亞非青年聯(lián)歡節(jié)和3屆中非青年大聯(lián)歡活動。2021年，舉辦首屆中非未來領袖對話。截至2020年，中國政府已累計向16個非洲國家派遣484名青年志愿者。中國已與53個非洲國家100多個婦女機構(gòu)（組織）建立聯(lián)系和交往。中國在毛里求斯、萊索托、吉布提、津巴布韋和蘇丹等國建立中非婦女友好交流（培訓）中心。
– Increasing non-governmental exchanges. China and African countries have actively implemented the Proposals on China-Africa People-to-People Exchanges and Cooperation, the China-Africa People-to-People Friendship Action, the Silk Road Community Building Program, and the China-Africa People-to-People Friendship and Partnership Program. They support trade unions, other non-governmental organizations and social groups in engaging in exchanges. Since 2011, the two sides have held six China-Africa People’s Forums. In addition, five China-Africa Young Leaders Forums, four Asian-African Youth Festivals and three China-Africa Youth Galas have been held since 2012. The 1st China-Africa Future Leaders’ Dialogue was held in 2021. As of 2020, the Chinese Government has dispatched 484 young volunteers to 16 African countries. It has established contacts and exchanges with more than 100 women’s organizations in 53 African countries. Centers dedicated to friendly exchanges or training among women have been established in Mauritius, Lesotho, Djibouti, Zimbabwe and Sudan.
5
和平安全合作穩(wěn)步拓展
Cooperation on Peace and Security
沒有和平穩(wěn)定的環(huán)境，發(fā)展就無從談起。中國是非洲和平與安全事務的建設性參與者，一貫致力于支持非洲人以非洲方式解決非洲問題，堅持標本兼治，堅持合作共贏，支持非洲國家和非盟在非洲和平安全事務中發(fā)揮主導作用，支持非洲提升自主維和、維穩(wěn)和反恐能力，支持非洲國家和非盟等地區(qū)組織落實“消弭槍聲”倡議，支持聯(lián)合國為非盟自主維和行動提供資金支持。中國在充分尊重非洲意愿、不干涉內(nèi)政、恪守國際關系基本準則基礎上，積極探索建設性參與非洲和平與安全事務。
Without security and stability, there can be no development. As a constructive participant in peace and security affairs in Africa, China has always championed the principle of African people solving African issues in their own ways, and advocated the need to address root causes as well as symptoms and seek cooperation for the benefit of all parties. It supports the right of African countries and the AU to play a leading role in the region’s peace and security affairs. China supports their efforts to promote peace and stability and fight against terrorism. China endorses the “Silence the Guns in Africa” initiative in countries and regional organizations such as the AU. China will continue to support the UN in providing financial support for the AU’s independent peacekeeping operations. Based on the principles of respecting the will of African countries, not interfering in African countries’ internal affairs, and observing the basic norms governing international relations, China is actively exploring constructive participation in promoting and maintaining peace and security in Africa.
中非不斷深化和平安全領域的交流與對話，2019年以來，中國先后舉行中非實施和平安全行動對話會、首屆中非和平安全論壇、中非和平安全論壇軍事醫(yī)學專題視頻會議，并積極參與非洲國家舉行的和平安全領域重要會議或論壇。中國政府非洲事務特別代表積極斡旋非洲熱點問題，為推進非洲和平與安全發(fā)揮了獨特建設性作用。中國通過聯(lián)演聯(lián)訓、艦艇互訪等多種方式，支持非洲國家加強國防和軍隊建設，支持薩赫勒、亞丁灣、幾內(nèi)亞灣等地區(qū)國家維護地區(qū)安全和反恐努力，在共建“一帶一路”、社會治安、聯(lián)合國維和、打擊海盜、反恐等領域推動實施安全援助項目并幫助非洲國家培訓軍事人員。中國支持聯(lián)合國在維護非洲和平與穩(wěn)定方面發(fā)揮重要作用，是安理會常任理事國中向非洲派遣維和人員數(shù)量最多的國家。
China and Africa continue to expand exchanges and hold dialogues in the field of peace and security. Since 2019, China has co-hosted or hosted the Dialogue on the Implementation of China-Africa Peace and Security Initiative, the First China-Africa Peace and Security Forum, and the Video Conference on Military Medicine under the forum. It has also actively participated in important conferences or forums held by African countries in related fields. The Chinese Government’s Special Representative for African Affairs has actively engaged in mediation efforts in Africa, and played a unique and constructive role in Africa’s peace and security endeavors. Through various means such as port calls and joint exercises and training, China has provided strong support to African countries in strengthening national defense and the armed forces, and to countries in the Sahel region and those bordering the Gulf of Aden and the Gulf of Guinea in upholding security and combating terrorism in their regions. China has launched assistance programs and helped train African military personnel under the Belt and Road Initiative, and in areas of law and order, UN peacekeeping missions, fighting piracy and combating terrorism. China supports the UN in playing an important role in maintaining peace and stability in Africa. Among the permanent members of the UN Security Council, China has sent the largest number of peacekeepers to the continent.
自1990年參加聯(lián)合國維和行動以來，中國派出的維和人員有超過80%部署在非洲，累計向非洲派出3萬余人次，在17個聯(lián)合國維和任務區(qū)執(zhí)行任務。現(xiàn)有1800余名維和人員在馬里、剛果（金）、阿布耶伊、南蘇丹、西撒哈拉等5個非洲任務區(qū)執(zhí)行聯(lián)合國維和任務。根據(jù)聯(lián)合國安理會決議，中國海軍自2008年以來常態(tài)部署亞丁灣執(zhí)行護航任務，迄今已派出39批護航編隊，累計完成約1400余批近7000艘中外船舶護航任務。中國還決定向聯(lián)合國維和人員捐贈30萬劑新冠肺炎疫苗，優(yōu)先用于非洲任務區(qū)。截至2020年8月，共有11名中國官兵在聯(lián)合國非洲維和行動中獻出寶貴生命。
Since China first took part in UN peacekeeping operations in 1990, more than 80 percent of its peacekeepers have been deployed in Africa. Over 30,000 Chinese peacekeepers have been sent to Africa to perform tasks in 17 peacekeeping mission areas. More than 1,800 peacekeepers are currently performing missions in five of these areas – Mali, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (the DRC), Abyei, South Sudan and Western Sahara. In accordance with UN Security Council resolutions, the PLA Navy has deployed regular convoys in the Gulf of Aden since 2008. To date it has dispatched 39 escort taskforces, providing protection to approximately 7,000 Chinese and foreign vessels in about 1,400 groups. China also decided to donate 300,000 doses of Covid-19 vaccine to UN peacekeepers, with priority given to those in African mission areas. As of August 2020, a total of 11 Chinese military peacekeepers had sacrificed their lives for the noble cause of peace in Africa.
中非支持擴大雙方人員有序往來，不斷加強領事合作，推動執(zhí)法部門合作，共同打擊各類跨國犯罪。2019年，中國公民赴非洲各國達60.7萬人次，非洲各國公民入境中國達68.5萬人次。雙方人員往來快速增長推動中國和非洲國家領事關系迅速發(fā)展。中國支持非洲國家加強執(zhí)法能力建設，2018年以來為非洲國家培訓2000余名執(zhí)法人員，并提供警用物資。中國在聯(lián)合國框架下向非洲任務區(qū)派出維和警察，在國際刑警組織框架下同非洲國家積極開展案件協(xié)作、情報交流、經(jīng)驗分享、聯(lián)合行動，共同打擊跨國犯罪。
China and Africa embrace the expansion of orderly personnel exchanges. They have worked on consular cooperation, increased cooperation between law enforcement departments, and acted against various cross-border crimes. In 2019 Chinese citizens made 607,000 visits to the African continent, while the number of African visitors to China reached 685,000. Growth in personnel exchanges promotes the rapid development of consular relations. In terms of strengthening law enforcement capacity in African countries, since 2018 China has trained over 2,000 African law enforcement officers and provided police supplies. It has dispatched peacekeeping police to African mission areas under the aegis of the UN, and collaborated in dealing with criminal cases, intelligence exchanges, experience-sharing and joint operations under the framework of Interpol.
三、堅定不移鞏固相互支持
III. Strengthening Mutual Support
中非友好關系經(jīng)歷半個多世紀的風雨考驗，雙方在關乎彼此前途命運的關鍵時刻和重大問題上始終堅定地站在一起。非洲國家為中國維護主權(quán)、安全和發(fā)展利益，促進國家統(tǒng)一，實現(xiàn)發(fā)展振興提供了重要支持。中國堅定支持非洲國家實現(xiàn)民族獨立，走符合自身國情的發(fā)展道路，支持非洲一體化建設和聯(lián)合自強的努力。面對新冠肺炎疫情的嚴峻考驗，中非攜手應對，中非友誼得到新的升華。中非人民凝聚團結(jié)之力，能夠戰(zhàn)勝艱難險阻，鑄就美好未來。
Friendly relations between the PRC and Africa have endured through more than half a century and withstood the test of time. The two sides have always stood firmly together at critical junctures and on major issues. African countries have provided important support for China’s endeavors to safeguard its sovereignty, security and development interests, promote reunification, and achieve national rejuvenation through development. China has firmly supported African countries in realizing national independence, following development paths that fit their national conditions, promoting regional integration, and strengthening themselves through unity. China and Africa have joined forces in confronting the grave challenge posed by Covid-19, further reinforcing their friendship. The solidarity between the Chinese and African peoples enables them to overcome difficulties and obstacles and build a bright future.
1
共同捍衛(wèi)國際公平正義
Upholding International Equity and Justice
中國和非洲是推動全球治理體系和國際秩序變革的重要合作伙伴。50年前，第二十六屆聯(lián)合國大會以壓倒性多數(shù)通過第2758號決議，恢復中華人民共和國在聯(lián)合國的合法席位，從此中國人民在國際舞臺上發(fā)揮越來越重要的作用。提案的23個國家中有11個來自非洲，76張贊成票中有26張來自非洲。在當今復雜多變的國際形勢下，中非雙方共同弘揚多邊主義，旗幟鮮明地反對保護主義和單邊主義，在涉及彼此核心利益和重大關切的問題上互相支持，維護發(fā)展中國家共同利益。中非合作實踐和理念為發(fā)展中國家在國際事務中合作樹立了典范，也為改革全球治理體系提供了重要方案。
China and Africa are important partners in advancing the reform of the global governance system and the reshaping of the international order. Fifty years ago, at its 26th Session, the UN General Assembly adopted Resolution 2758 by an overwhelming majority, restoring the lawful seat of the PRC in the United Nations. Since then, China has played a role of growing importance on the international stage. Among the 76 votes in favor of the resolution, 26 were cast by African countries, while 11 of the 23 sponsors of the draft resolution were from Africa. In the current complex and volatile international situation, China and Africa are jointly advancing multilateralism. They unequivocally oppose protectionism and unilateralism, support each other on issues involving the core interests and major concerns of either side, and safeguard the common interests of developing countries. The theory and practice of China-Africa cooperation provide examples for developing countries in handling international affairs, and important references to the reform of the global governance system.
——共同踐行真正的多邊主義。中非高舉多邊主義旗幟，堅定維護以聯(lián)合國為核心的國際體系、以國際法為基礎的國際秩序、以聯(lián)合國憲章宗旨和原則為基礎的國際關系基本準則，切實維護國際公平正義，推動國際秩序朝著更加公正合理的方向發(fā)展。雙方一致反對單邊主義和保護主義，致力于維護開放型世界經(jīng)濟和多邊貿(mào)易體系。中國和非洲堅定支持增加發(fā)展中國家特別是非洲國家在國際治理體系中的代表性和發(fā)言權(quán)，中國在聯(lián)合國的一票永遠屬于發(fā)展中國家。
– Practicing true multilateralism. Holding high the banner of multilateralism, China and Africa steadfastly support the international system with the United Nations at the core, the international order underpinned by international law, and the basic norms governing international relations based on the purposes and principles of the UN Charter. The two sides earnestly maintain international fairness and justice and push the international order in a fairer and more reasonable direction. They reject unilateralism and protectionism, and safeguard an open world economy and the multilateral trade system. China and Africa firmly support an increase in the representation and say of developing countries in the international governance system, especially African countries. When casting its vote in the United Nations, China always stands for developing countries.
——共同維護正當合法權(quán)益。中非在涉及各自國家主權(quán)、領土完整、民族尊嚴和發(fā)展利益等重大問題上相互理解和支持。所有同中國建交的非洲國家恪守一個中國原則，堅定支持中國統(tǒng)一大業(yè)。中國堅定支持非洲國家捍衛(wèi)國家主權(quán)、維護民族獨立，呼吁國際社會幫助非洲國家實現(xiàn)生存權(quán)和發(fā)展權(quán)，反對一切形式種族主義和種族歧視，積極推動解除針對非洲國家不合理的單邊制裁。中國同非洲成員在聯(lián)合國安理會建立“1+3”磋商機制，就重大國際和地區(qū)問題保持溝通與協(xié)調(diào)。2017年以來，中國擔任安理會輪值主席國期間，倡議召開了“加強非洲和平與安全能力”“加強非洲維和行動”“非洲和平與安全：打擊非洲恐怖主義和極端主義”等公開辯論會，以及“非洲和平與安全：推進非洲疫后重建，消除沖突根源”高級別會議，推動國際社會加強團結(jié)合作、加大力度支持非洲實現(xiàn)長久和平。
– Jointly safeguarding legitimate rights. China and Africa understand and support each other on major issues such as those related to their sovereignty, territorial integrity, national dignity, and development interests. All African countries with diplomatic ties with China strictly abide by the one-China principle and firmly support China’s reunification. China steadfastly supports African countries in safeguarding sovereignty and independence, calls on the international community to assist African countries in safeguarding their right to subsistence and development, objects to any form of racism and racial discrimination, and actively pushes for the lifting of unreasonable unilateral sanctions against African countries.
Within the Security Council, China and three African members have established a “1 + 3” consultation mechanism to exchange views on and coordinate responses to major international and regional issues. Since 2017 while holding the rotating presidency of the UN Security Council, China has initiated open debates on “Enhancing African Capacities in Peace and Security”, “Peace and Security in Africa: Strengthening Peacekeeping Operations in Africa”, “Peace and Security in Africa: Countering Terrorism and Extremism in Africa”, and “Peace and Security in Africa: Addressing Root Causes of Conflict in Post-pandemic Recovery in Africa”. These have pushed the international community to strengthen unity and cooperation and provide stronger support for Africa’s lasting peace.
中非都倡導將生存權(quán)和發(fā)展權(quán)作為首要基本人權(quán)，同等重視各類人權(quán)，在平等和相互尊重基礎上開展人權(quán)交流與合作，尊重各國自主選擇發(fā)展的權(quán)利，反對將人權(quán)政治化和搞雙重標準，反對借人權(quán)干涉別國內(nèi)政，促進國際人權(quán)事業(yè)健康發(fā)展。針對西方反華勢力在涉疆、涉港等問題上的歪曲抹黑和不實指責，非洲國家同廣大發(fā)展中國家一道，在聯(lián)合國人權(quán)理事會、聯(lián)大三委等場合通過發(fā)表共同發(fā)言、單獨發(fā)言等方式，支持中國正當立場。非洲國家認同中國人權(quán)理念，支持中國在聯(lián)合國人權(quán)理事會提出的“發(fā)展對享有所有人權(quán)的貢獻”“在人權(quán)領域促進合作共贏”等決議。
China and Africa have both proposed that the rights to subsistence and development are seen as the primary and basic human rights, that equal importance is attached to all human rights, that exchanges and cooperation on human rights are carried out on the basis of equality and mutual respect, and that individual countries’ right in choosing their development paths is respected. They both oppose politicization of human right issues and double standards, and object to interference in other countries’ internal affairs under the pretext of championing human rights.
In response to Western anti-China forces’ mudslinging and false accusations on China in regard to Xinjiang- and Hong Kong-related issues, African countries, alongside other developing countries, have voiced their collective or individual support for China’s position, at the UN Human Rights Council and the General Assembly’s Social, Humanitarian and Cultural Affairs Committee, commonly referred to as the “Third Committee.” African countries agree with China’s human rights principles, and support the resolution on the contribution of development to the enjoyment of all human rights and the resolution on promoting win-win cooperation in the field of human rights proposed by China at the Human Rights Council.
中國呼吁國際社會推動全球經(jīng)濟治理改革，切實支持非洲實現(xiàn)發(fā)展。二十國集團領導人杭州峰會在中國推動下發(fā)布了《支持非洲和最不發(fā)達國家工業(yè)化倡議》。2015年，中國宣布設立中國－聯(lián)合國和平與發(fā)展基金，2016年至2020年其下設的發(fā)展子基金共實施34個項目，涉及減貧、衛(wèi)生健康、能源可及、科技創(chuàng)新、互聯(lián)互通等多個領域，非洲國家是主要受惠方。2021年5月，中非雙方共同發(fā)起“支持非洲發(fā)展伙伴倡議”。中非一致認為支持非洲發(fā)展是國際社會的廣泛共識和共同責任。為應對疫情挑戰(zhàn)、更加旗幟鮮明地支持非洲渡過難關，國際對非合作伙伴有必要把優(yōu)勢資源投向非方最急需領域，形成支持非洲發(fā)展的有效合力。
China calls on the international community to press forward with reform of global economic governance and offer concrete support for Africa’s development. During the G20 Hangzhou Summit, at the initiation of China, a G20 Initiative in Support of Industrialization of Africa and Other Least Developed Countries was issued. In 2015, China announced the establishment of a China-UN Peace and Development Fund. Between 2016 and 2020, its 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Sub-Fund sponsored 34 projects in fields such as poverty alleviation, health, energy access, technology innovation, and infrastructure, with African countries being the major beneficiaries. In May 2021, China and Africa launched the Initiative on Partnership for Africa’s Development together. The two sides share the view that supporting the development of Africa is the consensus and shared responsibility of the international community.
China calls on international partners to increase support to Africa in such areas as response to Covid-19 and other pandemics and post-Covid reconstruction, and to pool resources in those areas where Africa’s most urgent needs lie, with a view to providing greater impetus to Africa’s development.
2
守望相助抗擊新冠肺炎疫情
Jointly Combating Covid-19
面對突如其來的新冠肺炎疫情，中非雙方經(jīng)受住嚴峻考驗，相互聲援、并肩戰(zhàn)斗，共同唱響團結(jié)合作、共克時艱的時代強音。
Confronted by Covid-19, China and Africa have withstood a severe challenge, helping each other and fighting side by side to defeat the pandemic through solidarity and cooperation.
2020年6月，中非團結(jié)抗疫特別峰會成功舉辦。中國成為全球首個同非洲大陸就應對疫情舉行峰會的國家，引領國際對非抗疫合作，為全球抗疫合作注入新動力。習近平主席在峰會上闡述了疫情形勢下推進中非合作、加強國際合作的重要政策主張，指出要加快落實中非合作論壇北京峰會成果，將合作重點向健康衛(wèi)生、復工復產(chǎn)、改善民生領域傾斜，并宣布了對非抗疫援助、減緩債和復工復產(chǎn)等系列舉措，受到非方高度贊譽和廣泛歡迎。與會領導人共同發(fā)表了《中非團結(jié)抗疫特別峰會聯(lián)合聲明》，一致認為中非雙方要堅定不移攜手抗擊疫情、堅定不移推進中非合作、堅定不移踐行多邊主義、堅定不移推進中非友好。會后中非雙方密切對接，統(tǒng)籌推進疫情防控和復工復產(chǎn)，推動中非合作克服疫情挑戰(zhàn)，不斷恢復并向前發(fā)展。
In June 2020, the Extraordinary China-Africa Summit on Solidarity against Covid-19 was held via video link, making China the first country in the world to convene an anti-pandemic summit with Africa. It has provided a guide for international anti-pandemic cooperation with Africa, and injected new impetus into global anti-pandemic cooperation. At the summit, President Xi elaborated on important policies on advancing China-Africa cooperation and strengthening international cooperation amid the pandemic. He called for the accelerated implementation of the outcomes of the FOCAC Beijing Summit, with greater priority to be given to cooperation in the areas of public health, economic reopening, and people’s livelihoods. He also announced a series of measures regarding anti-pandemic assistance to Africa, debt relief, debt service suspension, and economic reopening, which have been highly praised and widely welcomed in Africa. Participating leaders issued the Joint Statement of the Extraordinary China-Africa Summit on Solidarity against Covid-19, agreeing to join forces in resolutely fighting the pandemic, pressing for cooperation, practicing multilateralism, and enhancing friendship. Since the summit the two sides have closely worked together on pandemic prevention and control, resuming economic activity, and restoring and progressing China-Africa cooperation.
在中國抗疫的艱難時刻，非洲國家和非盟等地區(qū)組織通過不同方式對中國抗疫行動給予有力聲援和支持。2020年2月非盟部長理事會發(fā)表公報支持中國抗疫努力，是全球首個重要地區(qū)組織和整個洲域公開給予中國聲援。非洲48國元首、11國政府首腦、12國議長和非盟委員會主席來函（電），10國發(fā)表政府聲明，18國外長致函，非盟和平與安全理事會會議、衛(wèi)生部長緊急會議以及主要地區(qū)組織會議等均向中方表示聲援和慰問，不少非洲國家不富裕，但仍積極向中國捐款捐物。一些非洲在華留學生同當?shù)胤酪呷藛T一道奮戰(zhàn)在抗疫前線。
During the toughest times in China’s fight against the epidemic, African countries and regional organizations such as the AU rendered strong support and assistance to China through various means. In February 2020, the Executive Council of the AU issued a communiqué in support of China’s anti-epidemic efforts – the first time an important regional organization and an entire continent had offered China such support. Those expressing their support and sympathy also included the heads of state of 48 African countries, heads of government of 11 countries, 12 speakers of legislative bodies, and the chairperson of the AU Commission, who all sent letters or telegrams. The governments of 10 countries issued statements; foreign ministers of 18 countries sent letters; and participants of an AU Peace and Security Council meeting, an emergency meeting of African health ministers and other meetings of major regional organizations also expressed sympathy. Though few African countries are wealthy, they still actively donated money and supplies to China, and some African students studying in China also joined the local fight against the epidemic.
非洲疫情發(fā)生后，中國第一時間馳援非洲，開展了新中國成立以來涉及范圍最廣、實施難度最大的人道主義援助行動。從2020年起，中國根據(jù)有關國家需求，統(tǒng)籌地方政府、企業(yè)和民間組織等各類資源，向非洲53國和非盟提供了120批檢測試劑、防護服、口罩、隔離眼罩、呼吸機等緊急抗疫物資援助，實現(xiàn)對非抗疫援助“全覆蓋”。中國積極同非洲國家分享抗疫經(jīng)驗，向17個非洲國家派出了抗疫醫(yī)療專家組或短期抗疫醫(yī)療隊，同非洲人民共同抗擊疫情，并推動中國援建的非洲疾控中心總部項目提前開工建設。
After Covid-19 struck Africa, China immediately offered humanitarian assistance, the largest such program in scale and the most difficult to implement since the founding of the PRC. Since 2020, in coordination with local governments, enterprises and social organizations, the Central Government of China has provided emergency anti-pandemic supplies – including 120 batches of nucleic test reagents, protective gear, masks, eye protectors and ventilators – to 53 African countries and the AU based on their respective needs, with these emergency supplies reaching almost all areas across the continent. China has also actively shared its anti-epidemic experience with African countries, and dispatched anti-epidemic medical expert groups or short-term anti-epidemic medical teams to 17 African countries to fight the epidemic alongside local people. It also pushed for the earlier start of the construction of the headquarters of the Africa Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC), a project assisted by China.
中國積極踐行“將疫苗作為全球公共產(chǎn)品”的承諾，在中國疫苗上市之初、國內(nèi)供應緊張的情況下，即開始向非洲援助疫苗，為非洲國家抗疫提供支持與幫助。中方積極落實將疫苗作為全球公共產(chǎn)品的堅定承諾，截至2021年11月12日，已向包括50個非洲國家和非盟委員會在內(nèi)的110多個國家和國際組織提供超過17億劑疫苗，將努力全年對外提供20億劑疫苗，并在向“新冠疫苗實施計劃”捐贈1億美元基礎上，再向包括非洲在內(nèi)的發(fā)展中國家無償捐贈1億劑疫苗。中國企業(yè)亦積極在非洲地區(qū)開展聯(lián)合生產(chǎn)，幫助有意愿的國家實現(xiàn)疫苗本地化生產(chǎn)，目前已在埃及啟動疫苗本地化生產(chǎn)，同摩洛哥和阿爾及利亞簽署了合作協(xié)議。
China actively honors its commitment to make vaccines a global public good. At the time when Chinese vaccines had just reached the market and domestic supply was tight, China began to supply vaccines to Africa in support of its battle against the pandemic. By November 12, 2021, China had provided over 1.7 billon doses of Covid-19 vaccine to more than 110 countries and organizations, including 50 African countries and the AU Commission, and is striving to provide a total of 2 billion doses by the end of 2021. In addition to donating $100 million to COVAX, China will donate 100 million doses of vaccine to developing countries including those in Africa. Chinese firms are actively engaging in joint vaccine production in Africa with local firms, helping countries, in accordance with their wishes, to realize localized vaccine production. To date they have started localized production in Egypt, and signed cooperative agreements with Morocco and Algeria.
為幫助非洲國家應對疫情沖擊，克服暫時困難，中國支持減輕非洲國家債務負擔，積極落實二十國集團（G20）“暫緩最貧困國家債務償付倡議”，在G20成員中緩債金額最大，已同19個非洲國家簽署緩債協(xié)議或達成共識。中國支持將G20緩債倡議延期至2021年年底，并同有關成員一道落實《緩債倡議后續(xù)債務處理共同框架》。對于疫情特別重、壓力特別大的國家，中國并同有關方一道，通過個案處理方式提供支持。
To help African countries cope with the pandemic and overcome temporary difficulties, China supports the effort to reduce the debt burden on African countries, and is actively implementing the G20’s Debt Service Suspension Initiative (DSSI). Among G20 members, China ranks first in terms of the amount of deferred debt, having signed debt service suspension agreements or reached consensus with 19 African countries. China supports extending the DSSI till the end of 2021, and is working with relevant members to implement the Common Framework for Debt Treatments beyond the Debt Service Suspension Initiative. For countries experiencing a very serious epidemic situation and under particularly severe pressure, China, together with other stakeholders, will provide support on a case-by-case basis.
3
并肩戰(zhàn)勝非洲埃博拉出血熱疫情
Winning the Battle against Ebola Together
2014年，塞拉利昂、利比里亞和幾內(nèi)亞暴發(fā)埃博拉出血熱疫情。在非洲人民的艱難時刻，中國義無反顧伸出援助之手，在國際社會發(fā)揮了引領和示范作用。中國是最早向幾內(nèi)亞、塞拉利昂等國提供援助的國家，也是唯一一個向西非疫區(qū)提供實驗室并設立留觀診治中心的國家。中國先后向有關非洲國家和國際、地區(qū)組織提供總額約7.5億元人民幣快速、實用、全面抗疫援助，先后使用9架次包機運輸物資和人員，向疫情國派出16批、1200多名臨床和公共衛(wèi)生專家，與當?shù)蒯t(yī)生共同戰(zhàn)斗在抗擊埃博拉疫情的前線，中國醫(yī)生還在當?shù)嘏嘤栣t(yī)護人員1.3萬人次。中國還為疫區(qū)國家援建了實驗室、治療中心等多個項目，成為當時中國支持海外國家和地區(qū)應對公共危機持續(xù)時間最長、覆蓋面最廣、規(guī)模和力度最大的一次援助。面對疫情，中國外交官、醫(yī)療隊、維和人員和企業(yè)員工始終選擇堅守，而不是撤離?？謶直炔《靖膳?，而信心比黃金更寶貴。在災難面前，中非人民展現(xiàn)了同甘苦、共患難的一片真情。
In 2014, Ebola broke out in Sierra Leone, Liberia and Guinea. At a time when African people were in difficulties, China offered a helping hand, setting an example for the international community. China was the first to aid Guinea and Sierra Leone, and was the only country to provide laboratories to the epidemic-hit areas in West Africa and set up observation and treatment centers there. China provided rapid, practical and comprehensive anti-Ebola assistance to a total value of RMB750 million, and dispatched nine chartered planes to transport supplies and personnel. It sent more than 1,200 clinical and public health experts to Africa to combat Ebola alongside local medical workers. Chinese medical workers trained some 13,000 local medical workers. China also helped Ebola-stricken countries to build laboratories and treatment centers. Those assistance programs constituted the largest at the time among China’s overseas assistance programs in response to public crises in terms of duration, coverage, scale and intensity. Chinese diplomats, medical teams, peacekeepers, and corporate employees chose to stay in Africa rather than evacuate. They managed to overcome their own fear of the epidemic, and thereby gave confidence to local people as well. Chinese and Africans confronted the disaster with sincere friendship, sharing weal and woe.
2018年，剛果（金）再次暴發(fā)埃博拉出血熱疫情，中國及時向剛果（金）及其鄰國盧旺達、布隆迪、烏干達以及非盟等提供包括物資、現(xiàn)匯、專家、藥品、培訓在內(nèi)的一攬子緊急人道主義援助，幫助有關國家及時遏制疫情發(fā)展。
In 2018, when Ebola broke out again in the DRC, China provided timely emergency humanitarian aid including supplies, money, experts, medicine and training to the country and its neighboring countries including Rwanda, Burundi and Uganda, as well as the AU, helping them to promptly contain the epidemic.
4
攜手應對自然災害
Jointly Coping with Natural Disasters
中國歷來重視非洲受災國的救援工作，幫助非方應對各種自然災害和人道主義危機，并通過聯(lián)合國、世界糧食計劃署、紅十字國際委員會等多邊國際組織開展對非緊急人道主義援助。
China has always attached importance to disaster relief in Africa, helping it to respond to various natural disasters and humanitarian crises, and providing emergency humanitarian assistance through multilateral organizations such as the UN, the World Food Programme, and the International Committee of the Red Cross.
中國人民不會忘記，2008年中國遭受特大地震災害，僅200萬人口的赤道幾內(nèi)亞就捐贈了200萬歐元，平均每人1歐元。剛果（布）政府在汶川地震后捐贈100萬美元，在玉樹地震后又捐資200萬美元建設了一所小學。非洲人民在自己經(jīng)濟并不富裕的情況下，仍慷慨解囊支援中國人民抗震救災和災后重建，這份情誼讓中國人民倍感溫暖。
Chinese people will not forget that in 2008 when China was struck by a devastating earthquake, Equatorial Guinea, a country with only 2 million people, donated 2 million euros, averaging 1 euro per person. The Republic of the Congo donated $1 million after the Wenchuan earthquake, and $2 million for building a primary school after the Yushu earthquake.
“投之以桃，報之以李”。中國先后在40多個受災非洲國家實施糧食、供水、婦幼、教育等民生項目，受益人數(shù)達1000多萬人，有力促進了受災國的經(jīng)濟恢復和社會發(fā)展。2019年，“伊代”颶風席卷東南部非洲。中國向津巴布韋、莫桑比克、馬拉維緊急提供人道主義物資援助，并向受災最嚴重的莫桑比克派出65人組成的國際救援隊，在莫當?shù)刂委?000多人。2019年底，蝗災襲擊非洲之角，地區(qū)國家超過3000萬人生計受到威脅。2020年初，盡管面臨新冠肺炎疫情影響，中國仍緊急向埃塞俄比亞、肯尼亞、烏干達3國提供滅蝗物資援助，并從中國－聯(lián)合國糧農(nóng)組織南南合作信托基金中安排援助支持3國購買防控物資和開展能力建設。
In return, China has carried out programs in fields such as food, water supply, women and children’s health, and education in 40-plus disaster-stricken African countries, benefiting more than 10 million people, and strongly boosting their economic recovery and social development.
In 2019, cyclone Idai swept across Southeast Africa. China provided emergency humanitarian supplies to Zimbabwe, Mozambique and Malawi, and dispatched an international rescue team of 65 members to the severely-stricken Mozambique, treating more than 3,000 locals. At the end of 2019, locusts plagued the Horn of Africa, threatening the livelihoods of more than 30 million people. In early 2020, though hit by Covid-19, China still provided locust-eradication emergency supplies and aid to Ethiopia, Kenya and Uganda, and allocated funds from the China-FAO South-South Cooperation Trust Fund to assist the three countries to buy prevention and control supplies and carry on capacity building activities.
四、奮力開創(chuàng)中非關系新局面
IV. Breaking New Ground in China-Africa Relation
當前，全球治理體系和國際秩序變革加速推進，國際力量對比深度調(diào)整。新冠肺炎疫情進一步凸顯世界各國的命運緊密相連。站在歷史的又一個十字路口，中非更加需要鞏固伙伴關系，構(gòu)建新時代中非命運共同體。雙方將堅定不移深化傳統(tǒng)友好，堅定不移推進互利合作，堅定不移維護共同利益，繼續(xù)發(fā)揮中非合作論壇引領作用，推動“一帶一路”建設走實走深，不斷推動中非全面戰(zhàn)略合作伙伴關系向更高層次、更廣領域發(fā)展，共同創(chuàng)造中非合作更加美好的明天。
Currently, the global governance system and the international order are changing at an accelerating rate, and the international balance of power is undergoing a profound adjustment. Covid-19 further shows that the fates of all countries in the world are interconnected. Standing at a historical crossroads, China and Africa need to further consolidate their partnership, and build a China-Africa community of shared future in the new era. The two sides will steadfastly reinforce their traditional friendship, promote mutually beneficial cooperation, and safeguard common interests. They will continue to set the pace of cooperation through FOCAC, support the Belt and Road Initiative, bring the China-Africa comprehensive strategic and cooperative partnership to a higher level, and deliver a brighter future together.
1
中非合作論壇引領對非合作
Boosting Cooperation Through FOCAC
為共同應對經(jīng)濟全球化挑戰(zhàn)，謀求共同發(fā)展，在中非雙方共同倡議下，中非合作論壇首屆部長級會議于2000年10月在北京召開，中非合作論壇（以下簡稱“論壇”）正式成立。經(jīng)過20多年的發(fā)展，論壇已成為中非開展集體對話的重要平臺和務實合作的有效機制，成為新時代引領國際對非合作的一面旗幟。
At the initiative of both China and African countries, FOCAC was inaugurated at its first Ministerial Conference in Beijing in October 2000, with the goals of responding to the challenges emerging from economic globalization, and seeking common development. Over the past two decades, FOCAC has become an important platform for collective dialogue between China and Africa and an effective mechanism for pragmatic cooperation. It has turned into a pacesetter for international cooperation with Africa in the new era.
目前論壇有中國、53個同中國建交的非洲國家、非盟委員會共55個成員。論壇部長級會議每三年舉行一屆，輪流在中國和非洲國家舉行。中國和承辦會議的非洲國家擔任共同主席國，共同主持會議并牽頭落實會議成果。根據(jù)中非雙方共識，部分部長級會議升格為峰會。論壇迄今已舉行3次峰會（2006年11月北京峰會、2015年12月約翰內(nèi)斯堡峰會、2018年9月北京峰會）、7屆部長級會議，制定出一系列重要的綱領性合作文件，推動實施了一系列支持非洲發(fā)展、深化中非友好互利合作的重大舉措，取得豐碩成果。
FOCAC now has 55 members comprising China, the 53 African countries that have diplomatic relations with China, and the AU Commission. The FOCAC Ministerial Conference is held once every three years, rotating between China and African countries and co-chaired by China and an African hosting country, with the co-chairs also taking the lead in implementing conference outcomes. Based on mutual agreements, some of the ministerial conferences have been upgraded into summits. To date three summits (the Beijing Summit in November 2006, the Johannesburg Summit in December 2015, and the Beijing Summit in September 2018) and seven ministerial conferences have been convened. These have yielded rich fruits, releasing a series of important documents to guide cooperation, and promoting the implementation of a series of major measures to facilitate development in Africa and solidify China-Africa friendship and mutually beneficial cooperation.
2021年11月底，新一屆論壇會議將在論壇非方共同主席國塞內(nèi)加爾舉行。這次會議將評估2018年論壇北京峰會成果落實情況，并對下階段中非友好合作作出規(guī)劃，是疫情背景下中非共商合作大計、推進共同發(fā)展的重要外交活動，對推動疫后非洲、中國乃至世界經(jīng)濟復蘇發(fā)展具有重要意義。中方將同非方共同努力、密切配合，對接中國第二個百年奮斗目標和非盟《2063年議程》，圍繞健康衛(wèi)生、投資貿(mào)易、工業(yè)化、農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化、應對氣候變化、數(shù)字經(jīng)濟等重點領域和方向?qū)φ搲乱粚脮h的成果和舉措進行設計和磋商，努力把會議辦成凝聚中非團結(jié)新共識、挖掘中非合作新領域、帶給中非人民新福祉的盛會。
At the end of November 2021, FOCAC will meet in African co-chair country Senegal. The meeting will evaluate the implementation of the outcomes of the 2018 Beijing Summit, and make plans for friendly cooperation in the next phase. This will be an important diplomatic event for China and Africa to discuss cooperation plans and promote common development, and will be of great importance in promoting post-pandemic economic recovery and development in Africa, China and the world at large. China will work closely with Africa to align China’s Second Centenary Goal of building a great modern socialist country by the middle of the century with the AU’s Agenda 2063. Together the two sides will plan and discuss the outcomes to be adopted at this FOCAC meeting regarding such key areas as health, investment and trade, industrialization, agricultural modernization, climate change responses and digital economy, and both will make every effort to produce a meeting that will build new consensus, explore new fields of cooperation, and be of benefit to both the Chinese and African peoples.
2
推動共建“一帶一路”合作走向深入
Promoting Cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative
非洲是“一帶一路”的歷史和自然延伸。歷史上，海上絲綢之路為非洲帶去了中國的茶葉、瓷器和發(fā)展經(jīng)驗，增進了中非人民友好情誼和文明互鑒，成為永載史冊的中非友誼之路。共建“一帶一路”倡議提出以來，得到非洲國家的積極支持和踴躍參與。非洲成為參與“一帶一路”合作最積極的方向之一，中非共建“一帶一路”合作前景廣闊。
As part of the history of the Belt and Road, Africa is a natural partner of the initiative. In the past, the Maritime Silk Road brought Chinese tea, porcelain and development experience to Africa, promoting friendship and mutual learning, and it was thus recorded in history as a road of friendship. Since its inception, the new initiative has earned active support and participation from African countries. The cooperation between China and Africa under the initiative has a bright future.
“一帶一路”不是“獨奏曲”，而是需要中國和非洲國家共同參與的“協(xié)奏曲”。2015年12月，南非成為第一個同中國簽署“一帶一路”合作文件的非洲國家。2017年、2019年，肯尼亞、埃塞俄比亞、埃及、吉布提、莫桑比克等國領導人出席“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇，為“一帶一路”合作機制發(fā)展作出積極貢獻。在2018年中非合作論壇北京峰會上，中非雙方一致同意要加強共建“一帶一路”合作。截至目前，幾乎所有同中國建交的非洲國家都已經(jīng)同中國簽署共建“一帶一路”合作文件。非盟委員會并同中國簽署了《中華人民共和國政府與非洲聯(lián)盟關于共同推進“一帶一路”建設的合作規(guī)劃》，這是中國同區(qū)域性國際組織簽署的第一份共建“一帶一路”規(guī)劃類合作文件。
The Belt and Road Initiative is not a “solo”, but an “orchestra” in which the participation of both China and African countries is essential. In December 2015, South Africa became the first African country to sign an agreement on cooperation with China under the Belt and Road Initiative. Leaders of Kenya, Ethiopia, Egypt, Djibouti and Mozambique participated in the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation in 2017 and 2019, contributing to the initiative’s cooperative mechanism. At the 2018 FOCAC Beijing Summit, China and Africa agreed to strengthen China-Africa cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative. To date, almost all African countries with diplomatic ties with China have already signed agreements on cooperation under the initiative. China and the AU Commission signed the Cooperation Plan on Jointly Promoting the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road between the Government of the PRC and the African Union, the first agreement of its kind signed between China and a regional organization.
近年來，在“一帶一路”合作的帶動下，中非互聯(lián)互通加速發(fā)展。亞的斯亞貝巴－吉布提鐵路、肯尼亞蒙巴薩－內(nèi)羅畢鐵路、剛果（布）國家1號公路、塞內(nèi)加爾捷斯－圖巴高速公路、加蓬讓蒂爾港－翁布埃沿海路及博韋大橋、尼日利亞鐵路現(xiàn)代化一期二期項目相繼完工通車，吉布提多哈雷多功能港、多哥洛美集裝箱碼頭等有效提升當?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)口貿(mào)易能力，為地區(qū)互聯(lián)互通和一體化進程發(fā)揮了重要作用。截至目前，中國已與21個非洲國家正式簽署了民用航空運輸協(xié)定，與12個非洲國家建立了雙邊適航關系；并與8個非洲國家簽訂了雙邊政府間海運協(xié)定。
In recent years, connectivity between China and Africa under the Belt and Road Initiative has also expanded at a faster pace. A number of transport infrastructure projects have been completed and opened to traffic, including the Addis Ababa-Djibouti Railway, the Mombasa-Nairobi Standard Gauge Railway in Kenya, No. 1 National Highway of the Republic of the Congo, the Thies-Touba highway in Senegal, the Port Gentil-Omboue coastal road and the Booué Bridge in Gabon, and the first and second phases of the Nigeria Railway Modernization Project. Projects such as the Doraleh Multi-Purpose Port in Djibouti and the Lome Container Terminal in Togo have been successful in increasing entrepot trade. These projects have played an important role in boosting regional connectivity and integration. To date China has signed civil aviation transport agreements with 21 African countries, bilateral airworthiness agreements with 12 African countries, and bilateral intergovernmental marine shipping agreements with eight African countries.
當前中非都進入新的發(fā)展階段。中國推動構(gòu)建以國內(nèi)大循環(huán)為主體、國內(nèi)國際雙循環(huán)相互促進的新發(fā)展格局，將為非洲發(fā)展帶來更多“中國機遇”。非洲自貿(mào)區(qū)正式實施，非洲經(jīng)濟一體化和區(qū)域經(jīng)濟融合加速推進，給中非合作擴展更大發(fā)展空間。中非雙方將以高質(zhì)量共建“一帶一路”為抓手，進一步推動共建“一帶一路”合作倡議同非盟《2063年議程》、聯(lián)合國2030年可持續(xù)發(fā)展議程以及非洲各國發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略深度對接，深化中非各領域務實合作，把“一帶一路”建設成為中非之間的和平之路、繁榮之路、開放之路、綠色之路、創(chuàng)新之路和文明之路，共筑“新時代中非命運共同體”。
Currently, both China and Africa have entered a new development stage. China is promoting a new development paradigm with domestic economy and international engagement providing mutual reinforcement, and the former as the mainstay. China’s development will create more opportunities for Africa’s development. With the official launch of the African Continental Free Trade Area, Africa’s economic integration is accelerating, providing more room for growth in China-Africa cooperation. The two sides will focus on boosting quality development and further align the goals of the Belt and Road Initiative with those of the AU’s Agenda 2063, the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the development strategies of individual African countries. They will build the Belt and Road into a road to peace, prosperity, openness, green development, innovation and cultural exchanges, and create a China-Africa community of shared future in the new era.
3
與時俱進、推動中非關系實現(xiàn)新跨越
Raising China-Africa Relations to a New Level
中非關系保持旺盛生命力的“秘訣”，就是與時俱進、開拓創(chuàng)新。半個多世紀以來，在中非關系發(fā)展的每一個關鍵時期，中非雙方都能登高望遠，找到中非合作新的契合點和增長點，推動中非關系實現(xiàn)新的跨越。站在新的歷史起點上，中國將堅持以習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想和習近平外交思想為指導，秉持真實親誠理念和正確義利觀，同非洲國家一道，繼續(xù)譜寫推動中非合作高質(zhì)量發(fā)展、共筑新時代中非命運共同體的輝煌篇章。
The key to the vitality of China-Africa relations is keeping abreast of the times and developing and innovating relationships. For more than half a century, at every critical juncture, the two sides have employed far-sighted vision and always succeeded in finding new common ground and growth drivers. At this new historical starting point, under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and Xi Jinping Thought on Foreign Affairs, China will adhere to the principles of sincerity, affinity, good faith and practical results, uphold the values of shared interests and the greater good, and work together with African countries to advance high-quality cooperation and build a China-Africa community of shared future.
——厚植友好基礎，推動中非政治互信不斷邁上新臺階。中國將同非方繼續(xù)保持高層交往勢頭，推動雙方政黨、立法機構(gòu)、協(xié)商機構(gòu)、地方政府友好合作，深化治國理政和發(fā)展經(jīng)驗交流互鑒、加強戰(zhàn)略溝通與互信；充分發(fā)揮雙方智庫、媒體、高校和民間機構(gòu)積極作用，構(gòu)建全方位、多層次、寬領域的中非人文交流新格局，促進雙方民心相通，繼承和發(fā)揚牢不可摧的中非傳統(tǒng)友誼。
– Laying a solid foundation for friendship and raising mutual political trust to a new level. China and Africa will maintain the momentum of high-level exchanges, expand friendly cooperation between political parties, legislative bodies, political advisory bodies, and local governments of the two sides. They will share governance ideas and development experience, and reinforce strategic communication and mutual trust. They will give full play to the positive role of think tanks, media, institutions of higher learning and non-governmental organizations, create a new model of multi-dimensional, multi-level and all-round cultural exchanges, strengthen people-to-people connectivity, and reinforce the traditional unbreakable China-Africa friendship.
——抗擊新冠肺炎疫情，打造中非衛(wèi)生健康共同體。中國將繼續(xù)向非洲國家全面戰(zhàn)勝新冠肺炎疫情提供幫助，分享統(tǒng)籌推進常態(tài)化疫情防控和經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的經(jīng)驗，加快推進中非疫苗合作。中非衛(wèi)生健康合作不僅針對一時一事，將著眼長遠助力非洲完善公共衛(wèi)生體系、提高傳染病防控能力，推動構(gòu)建新時代中非衛(wèi)生健康共同體。
– Combating Covid-19 and building a China-Africa community of health for all. China will continue to provide anti-pandemic assistance to African countries, share its experience in coordinating routine epidemic prevention and control with social and economic development, and speed up cooperation with Africa on vaccines. China-Africa health cooperation is not a short-term measure, but a long-term and far-sighted strategy. It focuses on assisting Africa to improve its public health system and its capacity for controlling and preventing major communicable diseases, so as to promote a China-Africa community of health for all in the new era.
——推動共同發(fā)展，培育和拓展互利合作新動能。隨著中非各自進入新的發(fā)展階段，雙方發(fā)展階段梯次銜接的優(yōu)勢更加明顯，雙方合作也進入提質(zhì)增效的新階段，中非互利合作之路將越走越寬。雙方將積極支持中非企業(yè)深入發(fā)掘合作潛力，培育電子商務、5G網(wǎng)絡、綠色經(jīng)濟等新的合作增長點，在面向未來發(fā)展的關鍵領域拓展合作，共同支持全球發(fā)展倡議，打造全球發(fā)展命運共同體，推動實現(xiàn)高質(zhì)量、可持續(xù)的共同發(fā)展，造福中非人民。
– Boosting common development and nurturing new drivers for expanding mutually beneficial cooperation. As China and Africa enter their new stages of development, the advantages of their complementarity have become more obvious and their mutually beneficial cooperation is marked by higher quality, greater impact, and brighter prospects. The two sides will actively support their respective businesses to tap cooperation potential, nurture new growth drivers such as e-commerce, 5G network and green economy, and expand cooperation in future-oriented key fields. They will support the Global Development Initiative and a global community of shared development, so as to achieve high-quality and sustainable common development to the benefit of the Chinese and African peoples.
——密切國際協(xié)作，推動建設更加公正合理的國際秩序。中非是維護發(fā)展中國家共同利益、促進世界和平發(fā)展的重要力量。中非將進一步加強戰(zhàn)略溝通，密切國際事務協(xié)調(diào)，旗幟鮮明地維護國際關系民主化的大方向，齊心協(xié)力應對疫情、減貧、反恐、氣候變化等全人類共同挑戰(zhàn)，堅定捍衛(wèi)真正的多邊主義和發(fā)展中國家共同利益，共同維護以聯(lián)合國為核心的國際體系、以國際法為基礎的國際秩序、以聯(lián)合國憲章宗旨和原則為基礎的國際關系基本準則，推動全球治理體系朝著更加公正合理的方向發(fā)展。
– Promoting closer international cooperation to establish a fairer and more equitable international order. China and Africa are important forces in safeguarding the common interests of developing countries and in promoting world peace and development. The two sides will further strengthen strategic communication and coordination on international affairs, and firmly safeguard the democratization of international relations. They will make concerted efforts to tackle common challenges facing humanity by fighting epidemics, alleviating poverty, combating terrorism, and dealing with climate change. They will work together to uphold true multilateralism, the common interests of developing countries, the international system with the United Nations at the core, the international order underpinned by international law, and the basic norms governing international relations based on the purposes and principles of the UN Charter.
結(jié)束語
Conclusion
中國歷史性地解決了絕對貧困問題，全面建成小康社會，邁上全面建設社會主義現(xiàn)代化國家新征程，正向著第二個百年奮斗目標進軍。非洲聯(lián)合自強勢頭強勁，在國際事務中的影響力不斷上升，正在推進自由貿(mào)易區(qū)建設，加快工業(yè)化和現(xiàn)代化進程，朝著非盟《2063年議程》描繪的美好夢想前行。
China has eliminated the historical problem of absolute poverty, and achieved moderate prosperity in all respects. It has embarked on a new journey toward building China into a modern socialist country by the time the PRC celebrates its centenary in 2049.
Africa is experiencing a flowing tide of solidarity and self-strengthening, and the continent’s influence in international affairs continues to grow. It is now forging ahead with the development of free trade zones, accelerating industrialization and modernization, and heading towards the bright future envisioned in the AU’s Agenda 2063.
當今世界正面臨百年未有之大變局，面對新的機遇和挑戰(zhàn)，中國和非洲更需要團結(jié)合作。中國將繼續(xù)堅定支持非洲國家走符合自身國情的發(fā)展道路，支持非洲一體化建設和非洲國家維護主權(quán)、安全和發(fā)展利益，同非洲國家攜手共建“一帶一路”，構(gòu)建更加緊密的中非命運共同體，更好造福中非人民，為建設持久和平、共同繁榮的世界，構(gòu)建人類命運共同體作出新的更大貢獻。
The world is going through profound change of a scale unseen in a century. In the face of new opportunities and challenges, China and Africa will further strengthen solidarity and cooperation. China will continue its steadfast support for African countries in pursuing the development paths fitting their respective national conditions, promoting Africa integration, and safeguarding their sovereignty, security and development interests.
China will work together with African countries to promote the Belt and Road Initiative, build an even stronger China-Africa community of shared future, and bring more gains to the Chinese and African peoples, thus making a greater contribution to lasting world peace and prosperity, and to a global community of shared future.
